{"id":59810,"date":"2025-08-18T14:02:20","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T08:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=59810"},"modified":"2025-08-18T14:09:39","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T08:39:39","slug":"primary-amoebic-meningoencephalitis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/primary-amoebic-meningoencephalitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis\u00a0 Latest News<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, Kerala\u2019s health department has sounded an alert in Kozhikode district after three back to back cases of the rare primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) were reported in the region.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>About Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an <\/span><b>infection of the brain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the membranes covering the brain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cause:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It is <\/span><b>caused by Naegleria fowleri<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, known as the <\/span><b>\u201cbrain eating amoeba\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Naegleria fowleri<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a <\/span><b>free-living amoeba<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found in warm, fresh water and soil, and infects people when it enters the body through the nose.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a very rare, but serious disease with a mortality rate of more than 95%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It affects mainly young, active people.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is classified into two main types: <\/span><b>Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (PAM) and <\/span><b>Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (GAE).\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAM is caused by Naegleria fowleri, while GAE is typically associated with Acanthamoeba species and Balamuthia mandrillaris.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAM tends to progress rapidly and is often fatal within a few days, whereas GAE develops more slowly but is equally deadly if not treated promptly.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Transmission:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The amoeba that causes the <\/span><b>infection occurs in shallow surface waters<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and incorrectly maintained swimming pools, hot tubs, and spas, particularly in warm climates.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Infection occurs when infected water enters the nose. This can happen when diving, jumping, or swimming in freshwater.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The amoeba then invades the brain and meninges through the nose.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Symptoms:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sore throat, headache and pain in the forehead, hallucinations, nausea and vomiting, high fever etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Treatment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Swift diagnosis and treatment with specific antibiotics may be useful, but recovery is rare.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/brain-eating-amoeba-kerala-kozhikode-10194892\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><b>IE<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis is an infection of the brain and the membranes covering the brain. Read more about Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Latest News<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":59855,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[21,2240,22,23],"class_list":{"0":"post-59810","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"tag-prelims-pointers","9":"tag-primary-amoebic-meningoencephalitis","10":"tag-upsc-current-affairs","11":"tag-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","12":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59810\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}