


{"id":77475,"date":"2025-12-11T15:41:39","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=77475"},"modified":"2025-12-11T15:41:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:11:39","slug":"direct-tax","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/direct-tax\/","title":{"rendered":"Direct Tax, Features, Types, CBDT, Impact on Indian Economy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Direct taxes have become a major source of revenue for the government in recent years. In <\/span><b>FY 2023\u201324<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, they made up about <\/span><b>56.7% of India\u2019s total tax collection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, meaning more than half of all taxes came from income tax and corporate tax. This share has been rising steadily, showing better tax compliance and a stronger economy. The article below shares details about the Direct Tax, its types, and its impact on Indian Economy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is Direct Tax?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Direct tax is a tax levied directly on an individual\u2019s or entity\u2019s income, wealth, or profits and is paid straight to the government. The defining feature of direct taxes is that the burden cannot be transferred to another person. Examples include Income Tax, Corporate Tax, Capital Gains Tax, and Securities Transaction Tax.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Historical Background of Direct Taxation in India<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Direct taxation in India has developed over centuries, evolving from simple agrarian levies in ancient times to a modern income and wealth-based system.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ancient Period:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Taxes were mostly on <\/span><b>land, agriculture, and trade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; systems under the <\/span><b>Maurya and <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/gupta-empire\/\" target=\"_blank\">Gupta empires<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> included organized revenue collection, with officials overseeing land and produce taxes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Medieval Period:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Regional kingdoms and empires like the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/mughal-empire\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Mughals<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> maintained structured land revenue systems, such as <\/span><b>Zabt and Mansabdari<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, forming the basis for systematic tax administration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>British Era:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Income Tax Act of 1860<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was introduced after the 1857 revolt to finance administrative and defense expenses. Direct taxation expanded gradually to include <\/span><b>salaries, profits, and trade activities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Post-Independence (1947\u20131961):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India inherited the colonial tax framework; multiple amendments aimed to <\/span><b>broaden the tax base<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and standardize procedures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Income Tax Act, 1961:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Consolidated various direct tax laws, created clear rules for <\/span><b>individuals, HUFs, and companies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and introduced progressive taxation to promote equity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Recent Developments:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Implementation of <\/span><b>digitalization, e-filing, faceless assessments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and technology-driven monitoring improved efficiency, reduced corruption, and increased compliance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Direct Taxes Features<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Direct taxes are a critical component of India\u2019s fiscal system, designed to generate revenue while promoting equity and economic stability. The features of direct taxes in India are given below:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Direct Payment to Government:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tax is remitted directly by the taxpayer to the government without intermediaries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Non-Transferable Burden:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The liability cannot be shifted to another person; the taxpayer alone bears it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Based on Income, Wealth, or Profit:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Levied according to the taxpayer\u2019s ability to pay, ensuring fairness in taxation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Progressive Nature:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Higher income earners pay proportionately higher taxes, reducing income inequality.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Legal Obligation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Compliance is mandatory under law, with penalties for evasion or non-payment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Revenue Source for Government:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Funds public services, infrastructure, and social welfare schemes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Redistributive Function:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Helps in narrowing the gap between rich and poor through progressive taxation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Indicator of Economic Health:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Direct tax collection trends reflect economic growth, formalization, and financial transparency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Influence on Economic Behavior:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tax incentives encourage investment, savings, and adherence to formal financial practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/goods-and-services-tax\/\" target=\"_blank\">Goods and Services Tax<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><b>Types of Direct Taxes<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>1. Income Tax<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Levied on the income of individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs), and other non-corporate entities..<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Follows a <\/span><b>progressive structure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, meaning higher income pays higher tax.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides exemptions and deductions to encourage savings and investment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>2. Capital Gains Tax<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital Gains Tax is levied on profits earned from the sale of capital assets, including property, stocks, bonds, and other investments.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital Assets include land, buildings, house property, vehicles, machinery, patents, trademarks, leasehold rights, and jewellery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assets not considered capital assets: stock-in-trade, consumables\/raw materials, personal effects (except jewellery and artwork), and agricultural land beyond specified limits.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Types of Capital Assets:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Short-Term Capital Assets:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Held for 36 months or less (taxed at higher rates).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Long-Term Capital Assets:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Held for more than 36 months (taxed at concessional rates).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>3. Corporation Tax<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a tax levied on the profits earned by companies, including both domestic and foreign firms operating in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The tax rates differ based on the type of company, turnover, and whether it opts for concessional tax regimes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is governed by the Income Tax Act, 1961, and forms a major source of revenue for the government, reflecting the health of the corporate sector.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>4. Securities Transaction Tax (STT)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Securities Transaction Tax (STT) is a tax on every purchase or sale of securities listed on recognized stock exchanges.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Applies to shares, bonds, mutual funds, and derivatives.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Levied on the transaction value, not the profit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced in 2004 to curb tax evasion and ensure transparency in capital markets.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>5. Alternate Minimum Tax (AMT)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AMT is a <\/span><b>minimum tax<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> imposed on non-corporate entities like partnership firms, LLPs, and individuals claiming certain deductions or exemptions, to ensure they pay at least a basic amount of tax.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It prevents businesses from reducing their taxable income excessively through incentives and ensures <\/span><b>fair and consistent tax contribution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AMT is calculated on the <\/span><b>adjusted total income<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and taxpayers must pay either the regular income tax or AMT, <\/span><b>whichever is higher<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>6. Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) was a tax imposed on dividends paid by domestic companies to shareholders.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Companies deducted the tax before distributing dividends, ensuring taxation at the corporate level.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only domestic companies were liable under this law.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abolished from April 1, 2020, shifting the tax liability to shareholders.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>7. Wealth Tax<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wealth Tax targeted the net wealth or assets of individuals, HUFs, or companies.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Levied on owned assets rather than income, including property, jewellery, vehicles, and other valuable possessions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governed by the Wealth Tax Act, 1957.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abolished from April 1, 2016, as the government integrated wealth into the income tax system for better compliance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>8. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensures companies with high book profits but low taxable income pay a minimum tax.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calculated on book profits when the regular tax is lower than the prescribed MAT rate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allows companies to carry forward MAT credit and adjust it in future years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a statutory authority in India responsible for <\/span><b>administering direct tax laws<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including income tax and corporate tax. It operates under the <\/span><b>Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and oversees policy formulation, tax collection, and compliance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>CBDT was established on January 1, 1964<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, under the <\/span><b>Central Board of Revenue Act, 1963<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, following the bifurcation of the original <\/span><b>Central Board of Revenue (1924)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> into separate boards for direct and <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/indirect-tax\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>indirect taxes<\/strong><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Policy Formulation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Develops tax policies and recommends amendments to direct tax laws to the government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tax Administration: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oversees assessment, collection, and enforcement of all direct taxes in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Taxpayer Facilitation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enhances services for taxpayers through e-filing, grievance redressal, and awareness programs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>International Coordination:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Represents India in global tax forums and aligns domestic policies with international standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reform Implementation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduces digitalization, faceless assessments, and other reforms to reduce corruption and improve efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Revenue Monitoring:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tracks direct tax collections to meet government targets and maintain fiscal stability.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Impact of Direct Taxes on the Economy<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Direct taxes play a vital role in India\u2019s economy, influencing revenue generation, economic behavior, and social equity. They not only provide funds for government spending but also encourage formalization, investments, and fair wealth distribution.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Revenue Generation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Direct taxes are a major source of government income, financing infrastructure, education, healthcare, defense, and welfare programs. For instance, net direct tax collections in <\/span><b>FY 2024\u201325 were around \u20b922.26 lakh crore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, showing consistent growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Redistribution of Wealth:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Progressive direct taxes ensure higher-income individuals and profitable companies contribute proportionately more, reducing income inequality and funding social programs for lower-income groups.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Economic Stability:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Stable tax collections help the government plan fiscal policy, reduce dependence on borrowing, and maintain macroeconomic stability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Encouragement of Savings and Investment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tax exemptions and deductions under income tax encourage individuals to <\/span><b>save and invest<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, stimulating capital formation and economic growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Formalization of the Economy:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Compliance with direct tax laws increases the size of the formal economy, as individuals and businesses maintain records and follow legal financial practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Challenges and Limitations of Direct Taxes<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Low Tax Base:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Only around <\/span><b>6\u20137% of India\u2019s population<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pays income tax, which limits revenue despite a large workforce.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>High Tax Evasion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Underreporting of income, use of cash transactions, and non-filing of returns reduce effective tax collection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Complex Tax Structure:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Multiple exemptions, deductions, and frequent amendments make compliance difficult for individuals and small businesses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Administrative Burden:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Processing assessments, appeals, and refunds places heavy pressure on the Income Tax Department, leading to delays.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Litigation Overload:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A significant portion of direct tax disputes related to assessments, transfer pricing, and refunds remains stuck in tribunals and courts, increasing uncertainty for taxpayers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Impact on Investment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Higher marginal tax rates may discourage entrepreneurship and risk-taking, especially for small and medium enterprises.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Informal Economy Dominance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A large share of economic activity still happens outside the formal sector, making it difficult to expand the direct tax net.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Reforms in Direct Taxation (Recent Measures)<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Faceless Assessment &amp; Appeals:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Introduced to eliminate human interface, reduce corruption, ensure transparency, and make assessments fully technology-driven.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>New Simplified Tax Regime (2020 onwards):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lower slab rates with reduced exemptions to make income tax filings easier and promote voluntary compliance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Corporate Tax Rate Cut (2019):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Major reduction of corporate tax to <\/span><b>22% for existing companies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>15% for new manufacturing units<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, improving India\u2019s global competitiveness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vivad se Vishwas Scheme (2020):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Launched to settle long-pending tax disputes by offering waivers on interest and penalties, reducing litigation burden.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Introduction of Annual Information Statement (AIS):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Enhanced reporting system showing all financial transactions in one place, promoting accuracy in income reporting.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) &amp; TCS Expansions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Wider coverage of TDS\/TCS to track high-value transactions and curb tax evasion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Improved Refund Processing:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Faster and automated refund issuance through the CPC system, reducing delays and improving taxpayer experience.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>PAN\u2013Aadhaar Linking:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Mandatory linking strengthens identity verification and reduces duplication and fraud.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Direct Tax in India explained with features, types, CBDT role, and its impact on the economy. Learn how direct taxes boost revenue, equity, and economic growth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":77334,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[4153],"class_list":{"0":"post-77475","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-direct-tax","9":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77475"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77475\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}