{"id":88739,"date":"2026-03-05T17:27:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:57:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=88739"},"modified":"2026-03-11T15:09:31","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T09:39:31","slug":"part-1-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-1-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Part 1 of Indian Constitution, Article 1 to 4, Amendments, Case Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country. It lays down the structure of government, division of powers, rights and duties. It is divided into 25 Parts and each Part deals with a specific subject. Part 1 of the Constitution of India deals with the provisions related to the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Union and Territories (i.e. States). This Part forms the foundation of India\u2019s federal structure and territorial identity.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Part 1 of Indian Constitution- \u201cThe Union and its Territory\u201d<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Part 1 of the Indian Constitution is titled as<\/span> <b><i>\u201cThe Union and its Territory.\u201d<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It includes Articles 1 to 4 under which it declares India as a <\/span><b><i>\u201cUnion of States\u201d <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and explains the meaning of the territory of India. It also gives Parliament the authority to admit new States, establish new ones and alter the boundaries, areas or names of existing States. This Part reflects that India is federal in structure but indestructible in unity. It clarifies that States do not have the right to separate from the Union and that the country remains one integrated whole.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Article 1 of Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 1 of the Part 1 of Indian Constitution defines India\u2019s name and territorial structure clearly and establishes its identity as a Union of States.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 1 (1):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It declares that <\/span><b><i>\u201cIndia, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.\u201d\u00a0<\/i><\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The use of both names, India and Bharat, was adopted after debate in the Constituent Assembly.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The term \u201cUnion of States\u201d was preferred instead of \u201cFederation\u201d to show that the Indian Union is not formed by agreement among States.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The States do not have the right to secede.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Union is indestructible, though States can be reorganized.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This reflects a strong Centre with a flexible federal structure while maintaining national unity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 1 (2):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The First Schedule lists the names and territorial extent of States and Union territories. At present, India has 28 States and 8 Union territories. The expression \u201cTerritory of India\u201d is wider than \u201cUnion of India\u201d because it includes States, Union territories and acquired territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 1 (3): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It further explains that the territory of India includes three categories:<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Article 1 (3) (a):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The territories of the States<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Article 1 (3) (b):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Union territories specified in the First Schedule\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Article 1 (3) (c):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Any other territories that may be acquired.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 2 of Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 2 of the Part 1 of Indian Constitution empowers Parliament to admit or establish new States into the Union on suitable terms.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 2 gives Parliament the authority to admit into the Union or establish new States on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit. Parliament may admit an already existing State into the Union or create a completely new State.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 2A (Repealed):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It was introduced by the 35th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1974, making Sikkim an associate State. However, this arrangement did not continue. Through the 36th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1975, Sikkim was made a full fledged State of the Indian Union. Later, Article 2A was repealed. This example shows how Parliament used its power to integrate new regions into the Union framework.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 3 of Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 3 of the Part 1 of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong> authorizes Parliament to form new States and alter areas, boundaries or names of existing States.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 3 (a): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allows Parliament to form a new State by separating Territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 3 (b): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also permits Parliament to increase or decrease the area of a State.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 3 (c): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Permits the Parliament to diminish the area of any State.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 3 (d): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Parliament can also change the boundaries and borders of the State.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 3 (e): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Through this, the parliament is empowered to change the name of any State.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In clauses (a) to (e), the word \u201cState\u201d also includes Union territories. However, in the proviso regarding consultation, \u201cState\u201d does not include Union territories.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This Article has been used for renaming States and creating new ones such as Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Telangana.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Bill under Article 3 can be introduced in Parliament only on the recommendation of the President.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the proposal affects the area, boundary or name of a State, the President must refer the Bill to the concerned State Legislature for its views within a specified period. The President may extend this period.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, Parliament is not bound by the State Legislature\u2019s opinion and may accept or reject it.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 4 of Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of the Part 1 of Indian Constitution deals with laws made under Articles 2 and 3 and their constitutional effect.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 4 (1):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It states that any law made under Article 2 or Article 3 must include necessary changes in the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The First Schedule contains the names and territorial extent of States and Union territories, while the Fourth Schedule deals with representation of States in the Council of States, that is <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/rajya-sabha\/\" target=\"_blank\">Rajya Sabha<\/a><\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also permits supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions, including changes in parliamentary and State legislative representation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 4 (2):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It clearly provides that laws made under Articles 2 and 3 shall not be considered constitutional amendments under Article 368.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, such laws can be passed by a simple majority through the ordinary legislative process.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This makes the process of reorganization more flexible and practical.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It allows Parliament to respond to political and administrative needs without following the special amendment procedure under Article 368.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Amendments of the Part 1 of Indian Constitution\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several constitutional amendments have influenced the operation and structure of Part I provisions. The major amendments include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act 1956:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This amendment, along with the States <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/state-reorganisation-act-1956\/\" target=\"_blank\">Reorganisation Act 1956<\/a><\/strong>, abolished the earlier classification of States into Part A, Part B, Part C and Part D.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These categories were originally based on historical backgrounds such as Governor\u2019s Provinces, princely States, Chief Commissioners\u2019 Provinces and territories under a Lieutenant Governor.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Through this amendment, India was reorganized into 14 States and 6 Union territories by reshaping the territorial structure under Part I.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order 2019 and <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/jammu-and-kashmir-reorganisation-act-2019\/\" target=\"_blank\">Reorganisation Act 2019<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On 5 August 2019, the President issued the order, which revoked the special status earlier given under Article 370.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It superseded the 1954 Order that had added Article 35A.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act 2019 bifurcated the State into two Union territories: Jammu and Kashmir with a legislature and Ladakh without a legislature. This action was carried out under the powers provided in Part I.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Case Laws of the Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Important judicial decisions have clarified the scope and limits of Articles 1 to 4 under the Part 1 of the Constitution of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Berubari Union Case (1960):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/berubari-union-case\/\" target=\"_blank\">Berubari Union Case<\/a><\/strong>, 1960, the Supreme Court held that Parliament\u2019s power under Article 3 to diminish the area of a State does not include the power to cede Indian territory to a foreign country.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such cession requires a constitutional amendment under Article 368.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This judgment clearly distinguished between internal reorganization and transfer of territory to another country, thereby limiting the scope of Article 3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>In Re: Article 370 of the Constitution (2023):\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the 2023 decision relating to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/article-370-of-the-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 370<\/a><\/strong>, the Supreme Court upheld the abrogation of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/difference-between-article-35a-and-370\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 370 and Article 35A<\/a><\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Court held that Parliament has the power to reorganize a State and carve out a Union territory from it.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This judgment reinforced the authority of Parliament under Part I to alter the territorial and administrative structure of the country in accordance with constitutional provisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 97.3131%; height: 349px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Part of Indian Constitution<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-1-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-12-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 12 of Indian Constitution <\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-2-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 2 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-13-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 13 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-3-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 3 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-14-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 14 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 24px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 4 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 24px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-14a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 14A of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-5-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 5 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-4a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 4A of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-6-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 6 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 15 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-7-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 7 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-8-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 8 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-17-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 17 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 9 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-18-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 18 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-10-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 10 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-19-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 19 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-11-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 11 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-21-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 21 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-22-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Part 22 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 9A of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9b-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Part 9B of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Part 1 of Indian Constitution (Articles 1\u20134) defines India as a Union of States and empowers Parliament to admit, create, merge and alter State boundaries and names.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":88789,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[5560,5107,5559,2753],"class_list":{"0":"post-88739","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-constitution","9":"tag-indian-polity","10":"tag-part-1-of-indian-constitution","11":"tag-parts-of-indian-constitution","12":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88739"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92213,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88739\/revisions\/92213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}