


{"id":89941,"date":"2026-03-09T17:05:40","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T11:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=89941"},"modified":"2026-03-19T11:20:09","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T05:50:09","slug":"article-19-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-19-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 19 of Indian Constitution, Amendments, Case Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19 of Indian Constitution guarantees certain important freedoms to citizens. It gives six basic rights: freedom of speech and expression, peaceful assembly, forming associations or unions, moving freely throughout India, residing and settling anywhere in India, and practicing any profession or business. These freedoms are essential for democracy and personal development. However, they are not absolute. The State can impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of security, public order, morality and sovereignty of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Article 19 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19 guarantees six fundamental freedoms to every citizen of India. These are:<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 91.5033%; height: 589px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"tb-color\" colspan=\"4\"><b>Article 19 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Clause<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Freedom Guaranteed<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Exceptions \/ Reasonable Restrictions<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Related Articles<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(a)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom of Speech and Expression<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(2): Sovereignty &amp; integrity of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation, incitement to an offence<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 21, Article 361A<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(b)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom to Assemble Peaceably and Without Arms<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(3): Sovereignty &amp; integrity of India, public order<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 144<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(c)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom to Form Associations or Unions or Cooperative Societies<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(4): Sovereignty &amp; integrity of India, public order, morality<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 43B<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(d)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom to Move Freely Throughout the Territory of India<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(5): Interest of general public, protection of interests of Scheduled Tribes<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 21<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(e)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom to Reside and Settle in Any Part of India<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(5): Interest of general public, protection of interests of Scheduled Tribes<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 21<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Article 19(1)(g)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freedom to Practice Any Profession or Carry on Any Occupation, Trade or Business<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19(6): Professional\/technical qualifications, reasonable restrictions in public interest, State monopoly in trade\/business<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 301<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Article 19 of Indian Constitution Availability<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The freedoms under Article 19 are available only to Indian citizens and not to foreigners.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><b>R.C. Cooper v. Union of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/supreme-court-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\">Supreme Court<\/a><\/strong> held that when citizens form a company, they do not lose their fundamental rights. If a government action affects the company in a way that also affects the rights of its shareholders (who are Indian citizens), then those citizens can claim protection under Article 19.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, foreigners cannot claim the freedoms given under Article 19.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 19 of Indian Constitution Case Laws<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Romesh Thappar v. State of Madras (1950): <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court held that freedom of speech includes the right to circulate ideas, which is essential for democracy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Bennett Coleman &amp; Co. v. Union of India (1972):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Freedom of the press is part of Article 19(1)(a); restrictions on newspaper circulation were declared unconstitutional.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Bijoe Emmanuel v. State of Kerala (1986):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Upheld the right to remain silent; no citizen can be forced to express views against their beliefs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Union of India v. Naveen Jindal (2004):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Hoisting the national flag is a form of expression under Article 19(1)(a).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The right to form associations includes the right to form political parties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Kharak Singh v. State of UP (1963):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Police surveillance and domiciliary visits violate the right to free movement and privacy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>State of Gujarat v. Mirzapur Moti Kureshi (2005):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Reasonable restrictions on trade, such as prohibiting cow slaughter for public welfare, are valid.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015):<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Struck down Section 66A of the IT Act, protecting online speech from arbitrary restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 19 of Indian Constitution Key Amendments<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees six fundamental freedoms, but over time, certain amendments have expanded the State\u2019s power to impose reasonable restrictions or changed the rights themselves. The most important amendments are the 1st, 16th, 44th, and 97th.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/1st-constitutional-amendment-act\/\" target=\"_blank\">1st Amendment (1951)<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Introduced new grounds for restricting freedom of speech and expression, such as public order, friendly relations with other countries, and preventing incitement to an offence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>16th Amendment (1963)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Added \u201csovereignty and integrity of India\u201d as a reason to impose restrictions on the freedoms of speech, assembly, and association.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/44th-constitutional-amendment-act\/\" target=\"_blank\">44th Amendment (1978)<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Removed the right to property (Article 19(1)(f)) from the list of fundamental rights, reducing the total freedoms under Article 19 from seven to six.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/97th-constitutional-amendment-act\/\" target=\"_blank\">97th Amendment (2011)<\/a>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Added the right to form cooperative societies under Article 19(1)(c).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These amendments balance individual freedoms with public interest and national security, shaping the way citizens can exercise their rights today.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Suspension of Article 19 during National Emergency<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 19 of Indian Constitution, which guarantees six fundamental freedoms such as speech, assembly, and movement, is automatically suspended under<\/span><b> Article 358<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when a National Emergency is declared on the grounds of <\/span><b>war or external aggression<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This means the State can make laws or take actions that would otherwise violate these rights, and such actions cannot be challenged in court, as long as they are directly connected to the emergency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/44th-constitutional-amendment-act\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>44th Amendment Act (1978)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> clarified that this automatic suspension applies only to external emergencies (war or aggression) and not to internal disturbances like armed rebellion. The suspension remains in effect for the entire duration of the National Emergency.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 88.2994%; height: 150px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 113.938%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Also Check Related Articles<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-167-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 167 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-93-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 93 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; 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height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-365-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 365 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-201-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 201 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-140-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 140 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-35-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 35 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-166-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 166 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-102-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 102 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-83-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 83 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-88-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 88 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-28-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 28 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-103-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 103 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-36-of-the-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 36 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-62-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 62 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-82-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 82 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-97-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 97 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-224-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 224 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-251-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 251 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-13-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 13 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-29-and-30-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 29 &amp; 30 of Indian Constitution <\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 15 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-85-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 85 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-27-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 27 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-238-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 238 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-312-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 312 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-137-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 137 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-118-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 118 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-353-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 353 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-111-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 111 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-113-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 113 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-76-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 76 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-44-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 44 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-50-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 50 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-295-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 295 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-194-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 194 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-39-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 39 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-191-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 191 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-67-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 67 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-40-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 40 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 0px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 113.938%; height: 10px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-78-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 78 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article 19 of Indian Constitution guarantees six freedoms like speech, assembly and profession, subject to reasonable restrictions for security and public order.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":89925,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[5720,5484,5485],"class_list":{"0":"post-89941","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-article-19-of-indian-constitution","9":"tag-polity","10":"tag-polity-notes","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89941"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89941\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93635,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89941\/revisions\/93635"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}