{"id":90483,"date":"2026-03-09T17:02:26","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T11:32:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=90483"},"modified":"2026-03-19T11:24:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T05:54:00","slug":"article-124-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-124-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 124 of Indian Constitution, Provisions, Amendments"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Article 124 of Indian Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> deals with the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court. It aims to ensure an independent, competent, and impartial judiciary, which is essential for the functioning of a constitutional democracy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Provisions of Article 124 of Indian Constitution\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provisions of Article 124 of Indian Constitution lays down the framework for the <\/span><b>composition, appointment, qualifications, tenure, removal, and conduct of judges of the <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/supreme-court-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\">Supreme Court of India<\/a>.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><b>Establishment and Composition of the Supreme Court<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Article 124(1)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provides that there shall be a Supreme Court of India consisting of the <\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/chief-justice-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\">Chief Justice of India<\/a> and other judges as prescribed by Parliament.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially, the Constitution limited the number of judges to a small strength, but Parliament was given the authority to increase the number of judges according to the requirements of the judicial system. This flexibility was introduced to ensure efficient disposal of cases and to manage increasing litigation.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over time, the number of judges has been increased through legislative action to address the rising judicial workload.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>At present, the sanctioned strength of the Supreme Court is 34 judges including the Chief Justice of India.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Appointment and Tenure of Judges<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 124(2)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> states that <\/span><b>Supreme Court judges<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are <\/span><b>appointed by the President of India <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">through a warrant under his hand and seal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provision has undergone significant interpretation through judicial decisions, which led to the development of the <\/span><b>collegium system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for judicial appointments.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The collegium system is not mentioned in the Constitution but developed through judicial pronouncements in the <\/span><b>Three Judges Cases.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provision also saw the introduction of the National Judicial Appointments Commission through the <\/span><b>99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which attempted to create a more participatory appointment system involving judiciary and executive. However, <\/span><b>in 2015, the Supreme Court declared the NJAC unconstitutional <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on the ground that it threatened judicial independence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The article further provides that a Supreme Court judge shall hold office until attaining the age of <\/span><b>sixty-five years.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A judge may <\/span><b>resign<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by writing a letter addressed <\/span><b>to the President.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parliament has the authority to regulate the determination of the age of judges through legislation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Qualifications for Appointment<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 124(3)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> prescribes the eligibility criteria for appointment as a Supreme Court judge.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A person must be a <\/span><b>citizen of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and must have <\/span><b>either served as a High Court judge <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for at least five years, practiced as an <\/span><b>advocate in a High Court <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for at least ten years, or be recognised as a <\/span><b>distinguished juris<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t in the opinion of the <\/span><b>President<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Removal of Judges<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 124(4)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provides a <\/span><b>procedure for the removal of Supreme Court judges.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A judge can be <\/span><b>removed only on the grounds of proven misbehaviour or incapacity.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The removal process requires a parliamentary address supported by a <\/span><b>majority of the total membership of each House and at least two-thirds of the members present and voting.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The address must be presented to the President in the same parliamentary session for the removal to be effective.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This rigid procedure protects judicial independence by preventing arbitrary removal of judges.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Regulation of Removal Procedure<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 124(5)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> allows <\/span><b>Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to frame laws regulating the procedure for presenting the address and investigating allegations of misbehaviour or incapacity.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Oath of Office<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to <\/span><b>Article 124(6)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, every person appointed as a Supreme Court judge must take an oath or affirmation before entering office.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>oath is administered by the President or a person authorised by the President.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The oath requires judges to uphold the <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Constitution of India<\/strong><\/a>, perform duties without fear or favour, and discharge judicial functions faithfully.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Post-Retirement Restrictions<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 124(7)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> states that a person who has served as a Supreme Court judge <\/span><b>cannot practice law in any court or authority within the territory of India after retirement.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This provision is intended to prevent conflict of interest and maintain the dignity and neutrality of the judiciary.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Important Constitutional Amendments Related to Article 124<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constitutional amendments introduced to improve the functioning of the Supreme Court and regulate judicial appointments and service conditions include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>15th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1963<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This amendment made provisions regarding the determination of the age of High Court and Supreme Court judges. It allowed Parliament to prescribe the authority and procedure for determining the age of judges.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This amendment attempted to replace the collegium system by establishing the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) for judicial appointments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, in 2015, the Supreme Court struck down the 99th Amendment as unconstitutional, holding that it violated judicial independence, which is part of the basic structure doctrine.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Judgements Related to Article 124 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The appointment of Supreme Court judges has been shaped largely by important judicial interpretations of Article 124. Over time, several landmark Supreme Court judgments have played a crucial role in defining the balance between the executive and the judiciary, especially in matters related to judicial independence and the appointment process.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>First Judges Case (1981) \/ S.P. Gupta Case<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the First Judges Case, a seven-judge Constitution Bench interpreted the meaning of the word \u201cconsultation\u201d in the Constitution.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court held that consultation did not mean concurrence.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, the final authority in judicial appointments rested with the Union Government rather than the Chief Justice of India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This judgment strengthened executive control over judicial appointments.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Court also ruled that a High Court judge could be transferred to another High Court even without his consent.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Second Judges Case (1993) \u2013 Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association Case<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court overruled the First Judges Case and strengthened judicial independence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A nine-judge Constitution Bench established the collegium system.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was held that the opinion of the Chief Justice of India, formed collectively with senior Supreme Court judges, would have primacy in judicial appointments. The Chief Justice of India should form his opinion after consulting the two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In situations where differences arose between the executive and judiciary, the view of the Chief Justice of India would generally prevail.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Third Judges Case (1998)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court ruled that the collegium for Supreme Court appointments would consist of the Chief Justice of India and the four senior-most judges of the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also provided procedural guidance by stating that if two or more judges in the collegium opposed a candidate, the name would not be recommended for appointment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Fourth Judges Case (2015)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the Fourth Judges Case, the Supreme Court struck down the 99th Constitutional Amendment and the NJAC Act as unconstitutional.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Court held that the NJAC violated judicial independence, which is part of the basic structure of the Constitution.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The judgment was based on reasons such as inadequate judicial representation in the commission and the potential threat to judicial autonomy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; 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height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-201-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 201 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-140-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 140 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-35-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 35 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-166-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 166 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-102-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 102 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-83-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 83 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-88-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 88 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-28-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 28 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-103-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 103 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-36-of-the-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 36 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-62-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 62 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-82-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 82 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-97-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 97 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-224-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 224 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-251-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 251 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-13-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 13 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-29-and-30-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 29 &amp; 30 of Indian Constitution <\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 15 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-85-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 85 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-27-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 27 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-238-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 238 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-312-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 312 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-137-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 137 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-118-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 118 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-353-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 353 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-111-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 111 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-113-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 113 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-76-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 76 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-44-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 44 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-50-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 50 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-295-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 295 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-194-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 194 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-39-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 39 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-191-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 191 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-67-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 67 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-40-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 40 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 0px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 113.938%; height: 10px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-78-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 78 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article 124 of the Constitution lays down provisions for Supreme Court judges, collegium system, NJAC issue, tenure, removal and judicial independence in India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":90501,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[5805,1934,5107],"class_list":{"0":"post-90483","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-article-124-of-the-indian-constitution","9":"tag-indian-constitution","10":"tag-indian-polity","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90483"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93650,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90483\/revisions\/93650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}