{"id":90518,"date":"2026-03-05T17:13:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=90518"},"modified":"2026-03-11T15:15:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T09:45:17","slug":"part-9b-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9b-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Part 9B of Indian Constitution, Background, Articles, Provisions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Part 9B of the Indian Constitution deals with cooperative societies.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It gives them a <\/span><b>constitutional status<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and ensures they are managed in a democratic and transparent way. This part helps cooperatives play an important role in India\u2019s economic and social development, especially for farmers, workers and small producers. Part 9B of the Indian Constitution has been discussed extensively in this article.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Part 9B of Indian Constitution Background<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cooperative societies have been an important part of India for a long time. Farmers, workers and small businesses often come together to form cooperatives to help each other financially and socially. Before Part 9B, <\/span><b>cooperatives were mainly governed by state laws<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and there was no uniform rule or recognition across the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This caused problems like mismanagement, lack of transparency, and weak coordination. To fix this, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/97th-constitutional-amendment-act\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>97th Constitutional Amendment in 2011<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> added Part 9B to the Constitution. Now, cooperatives have a constitutional status, which means they are officially recognized and protected. The main aim is to make sure cooperatives are democratic, transparent, and efficient, so they can really help in India\u2019s economic and social development.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Part 9B of Indian Constitution Articles<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243 ZH : Definitions<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(a) <\/span><b>Authorised person <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; A person referred to in Article 243ZQ.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(b) <\/span><b>Board<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; The governing body or board of directors entrusted with the management and control of a cooperative society.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(c) <\/span><b>Co-operative society<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; A society registered or deemed registered under the relevant State law on cooperatives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(d) <\/span><b>Multi-State co-operative society<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; A cooperative society operating in more than one State and registered under the applicable central law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(e) <\/span><b>Office bearer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; President, Vice-President, Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Secretary, Treasurer, or any person elected by the board.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(f) <\/span><b>Registrar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; The Central Registrar for multi-State cooperatives, or the State Registrar appointed under the respective State law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(g) <\/span><b>State Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; A law made by a State Legislature.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(h) <\/span><b>State level co-operative society<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; A cooperative society operating across the entire State, as defined under State law.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243 ZI : Incorporation of co-operative societies<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subject to this Part, a State Legislature may make laws for the incorporation, regulation, and winding up of cooperative societies, ensuring voluntary formation, democratic control, member participation and autonomous functioning.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZJ: Number and term of members of board and its office bearers<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) The State Legislature shall determine the number of directors, <\/span><b>but the board shall not exceed 21 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including 1 seat for SC\/ST and 2 seats for women in societies with individual members.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) The term of elected directors and office bearers <\/span><b>shall be 5 years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, co-terminous with the board. Casual vacancies may be filled by nomination from the same category if less than half the original term remains.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3) The Legislature shall provide for co-option of up to <\/span><b>2 expert members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (banking, finance, management, etc.).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such members <\/span><b>shall have no voting rights<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and cannot be elected as office bearers. Functional directors shall be board members but excluded from the 21-member limit.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZK: Election of members of board<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) Board elections shall be held before term expiry to ensure immediate assumption of office by the new board.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) Election control, including electoral rolls, shall vest in an authority prescribed by State law, which may also set procedures and guidelines.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZL: Supersession and suspension of board and interim management<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) Board supersession\/suspension <\/span><b>shall not exceed six months.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided that it may occur in cases of:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(i) persistent default;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(ii) negligence;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(iii) acts prejudicial to the society\/members;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(iv) stalemate in <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">constitution<\/a><\/strong> or functioning;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(v) failure to conduct elections as per State law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided further that no supersession where there is no Government shareholding\/loan\/assistance\/guarantee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided also that for co-operative banks, the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 applies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided also that for banking co-operatives (other than multi-State),<\/span><b> \u201csix months\u201d shall be read as \u201cone year.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) On supersession, the administrator shall conduct elections within the specified period and hand over to the elected board.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3) State Legislature may prescribe service conditions of the administrator.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZM: Audit of accounts of co-operative societies<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) State Legislature may provide for maintenance and annual audit of co-operative society accounts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) State law shall prescribe minimum qualifications\/experience for eligible auditors\/audit firms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3) Every society shall get its accounts audited by an auditor\/audit firm under clause (2), appointed by the general body:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provided that such auditor\/audit firm shall be from a State-approved panel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(4) Audit shall be completed within six months of the close of the financial year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(5) Audit report of an apex co-operative society shall be laid before the State Legislature as per State law.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZN: Convening of general body meetings<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Legislature of a State may, by law, provide that every co-operative society shall convene its annual general body meeting within six months of the close of the financial year to transact business as prescribed by such law.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZO: Right of a member to get information<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) State Legislature may provide members access to books, information and accounts of the co-operative society.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) State Legislature may ensure member participation in management, including minimum meeting attendance and service utilisation as prescribed by law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3) State Legislature may provide for co-operative education and training of members.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZP: Returns<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) Every co-operative society shall file returns within six months of the close of the financial year to the designated authority, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(a) annual activity report;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(b) audited accounts;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(c) surplus disposal plan approved by the general body;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(d) amendments to bye-laws, if any;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(e) declaration of general body meeting and election conduct; and<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(f) other information as required by the Registrar under the State Act.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZQ: Offences and penalties<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) State Legislature may, by law, provide for offences and penalties relating to co-operative societies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) Such law shall include as offences:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(a) wilfully making false returns\/information or failing to furnish required information;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(b) disobeying lawful summons, requisition or written order under the State Act;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(c) employer\u2019s failure to remit deducted amounts to the society within 14 days;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(d) wilful failure to hand over books, accounts, records, cash or property to an authorised person;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(e) adoption of corrupt practices before, during or after board\/office-bearer elections.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZR: Application to multi-State co-operative societies<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provisions of this Part shall apply to multi-State co-operative societies, subject to the modification that references to \u201cLegislature of a State\u201d, \u201cState Act\u201d or \u201cState Government\u201d shall be construed as \u201cParliament\u201d, \u201cCentral Act\u201d or \u201cCentral Government\u201d, respectively.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZS: Application to Union territories<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This Part applies to Union Territories; in a UT without a Legislative Assembly, \u201cLegislature of a State\u201d means the Administrator under Article 239, and in a UT with a Legislative Assembly, it means that Assembly: Provided that the President may, by notification, exempt any UT or part thereof.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 243ZT : Continuance of existing laws<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Notwithstanding this Part, any inconsistent State law on co-operative societies existing before the Constitution (97th Amendment) Act, 2011 shall continue until amended, repealed, or for one year from commencement, whichever is earlier.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>The Constitution (Ninety-Seventh) Amendment Act, 2011<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 97th Constitutional Amendment gave constitutional status to co-operative societies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It made three important changes:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It added the words <\/span><b>\u201cco-operative societies\u201d in Article 19(1)(c).<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This made the right to form co-operative societies a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/fundamental-rights-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Fundamental Right<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It inserted <\/span><b>Article 43B in the Directive Principles of State Policy.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This directs the State to promote voluntary and democratic co-operative societies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It added Part <\/span><b>9B (Articles 243ZH to 243ZT)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the Constitution. This part deals with the incorporation, regulation and winding up of co-operative societies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Amendment came into force on 15 February 2012.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 97th Amendment was passed by Parliament but not ratified by at least half of the State legislatures, as required under Article 368(2).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Union of India v. Rajendra N. Shah (2021), the Supreme Court applied <\/span><b>the doctrine of severability.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Valid provisions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those concerning multi-State cooperative societies and societies in Union Territories remain operative.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Invalid provisions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Those affecting single-State cooperative societies were rendered inoperative due to lack of ratification.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Part 9B of Indian Constitution Case Laws<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rajendra N. Shah v. Union of India (2013) :<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In 2013, the Gujarat <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/high-courts-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\">High Court<\/a><\/strong> held that Part 9B was invalid because the Amendment required ratification by at least half of the State Legislatures under Article 368(2), which was not done. However, the rest of the Amendment remained valid.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Union of India v. Rajendra N. Shah(2021) :<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In 2021, the Supreme Court held that <\/span><b>Part 9B is valid only for Multi-State Co-operative Societies, and not for State co-operative societies.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Multi-State Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Bill, 2023<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> aims to strengthen governance, improve transparency, increase accountability and reform the election process in Multi-State Co-operative Societies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 97.3131%; height: 349px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Part of Indian Constitution<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-1-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 1 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-12-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 12 of Indian Constitution <\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-2-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 2 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-13-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 13 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-3-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 3 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-14-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 14 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 24px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 4 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 24px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-14a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 14A of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-5-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 5 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-4a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 4A of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-6-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 6 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 15 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-7-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 7 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-8-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 8 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-17-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 17 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 9 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-18-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 18 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-10-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 10 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-19-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 19 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-11-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 11 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-21-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 21 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-22-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Part 22 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9a-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Part 9A of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 25px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/part-9b-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Part 9B of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Part 9B of Indian Constitution grants constitutional status to cooperative societies, ensuring democratic governance, transparency and accountability in management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":90497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[5560,1934,5810],"class_list":{"0":"post-90518","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-constitution","9":"tag-indian-constitution","10":"tag-part-9b-of-indian-constitution","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90518"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90518\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92220,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90518\/revisions\/92220"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}