{"id":98443,"date":"2026-04-15T14:46:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T09:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=98443"},"modified":"2026-04-15T16:50:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T11:20:37","slug":"chalukya-dynasty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/chalukya-dynasty\/","title":{"rendered":"Chalukya Dynasty, Origin, Rulers, Time Period, Founder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Chalukya Dynasty was one of the most influential dynasties in early medieval India, ruling large parts of the Deccan region between the <\/span><b>6th and 12th centuries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. They laid the foundation for political stability, cultural development, and architectural innovation in South India. The Chalukyas are especially remembered for their powerful rulers, efficient administration, religious tolerance, and remarkable temple architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Chalukya Dynasty Origin and Rise<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Chalukya Dynasty emerged in the 6th century in the Deccan region, with its base in present-day Karnataka. Under the leadership of Pulakesin I, the dynasty established a strong kingdom at Badami and gradually expanded into a powerful empire.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dynasty was founded by Pulakesin I around 543 CE, marking the beginning of Chalukya rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He established his capital at Badami (ancient Vatapi), which became a major political and cultural center.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The early Chalukyas started as local chiefs under larger powers but gradually gained independence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strategic location in the Deccan plateau helped them control important trade and military routes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The use of strong fortifications at Badami provided security and helped consolidate their rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The real expansion of the empire took place under <\/span><b>Pulakeshin II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who turned the kingdom into a vast empire.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulakeshin II defeated <\/span><b>Harsha<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which established the Chalukyas as a major power in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continuous conflicts with the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/pallava-dynasty\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b> Pallava dynasty<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> further strengthened their military and political position.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Chalukyas unified large parts of the Deccan, creating stability and encouraging cultural growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Branches of Chalukya Dynasty<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Chalukya Dynasty was divided into three major branches, each ruling different regions of the Deccan and contributing significantly to Indian history, culture, and architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. Badami Chalukyas (c. 543-753 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founded by Pulakesin I, who established Chalukya power in the Deccan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Capital was Badami (ancient Vatapi), a strategically located and well-fortified city.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This branch marked the beginning of Chalukya political dominance in South India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The greatest ruler, Pulakeshin II, expanded the empire across most of the Deccan plateau.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulakeshin II defeated Harsha, stopping northern expansion beyond the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/narmada-river-system\/\" target=\"_blank\">Narmada River<\/a><\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained long and intense conflicts with the Pallava dynasty, especially under Narasimhavarman I.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Pallavas temporarily captured Badami, weakening Chalukya power.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The administration was well-structured with provinces, districts, and village-level governance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted early temple architecture at Aihole, Badami, and Pattadakal, laying the foundation of the Vesara style.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encouraged both Sanskrit and Kannada languages in administration and literature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supported multiple religions, including <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/hinduism\/\" target=\"_blank\">Hinduism<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/jainism\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jainism<\/a><\/strong>, and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/buddhism\/\" target=\"_blank\">Buddhism<\/a><\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Their decline began due to continuous wars and internal weaknesses, leading to their defeat by the Rashtrakutas.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>2. Eastern Chalukyas (c. 624-11th Century)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founded by Kubja Vishnuvardhana, the brother of Pulakeshin II.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established in the Vengi region with capital at Vengi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially served as a subordinate branch of the Badami Chalukyas but later became independent.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ruled for nearly four centuries, making them one of the longest-surviving branches.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Played a key role in the development and promotion of Telugu language and literature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained political stability in the eastern Deccan despite frequent conflicts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frequently involved in wars and alliances with the Chola dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entered into matrimonial alliances with the Cholas, which strengthened political ties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acted as a cultural bridge between northern Sanskrit traditions and southern Dravidian culture.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encouraged temple construction and religious activities in the region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Their administration followed similar patterns to the Badami Chalukyas but adapted to local needs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eventually merged with the Chola Empire due to increasing political influence and alliances.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>3. Western Chalukyas (c. 973-1189 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also known as the Kalyani Chalukyas, with capital at Basavakalyan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emerged after the decline of the Rashtrakuta Empire and revived Chalukya power in the Deccan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established a strong and stable kingdom in the later medieval period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Known for efficient administration and decentralization of power to local authorities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced improved revenue systems and strengthened governance structures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Played a key role in the transition of South Indian political and cultural systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Made significant contributions to temple architecture, especially using soapstone for detailed carvings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developed advanced features such as lathe-turned pillars and highly ornate temple designs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Their architecture represents a transition between early Chalukya and Hoysala styles.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encouraged Kannada and Sanskrit literature, supporting scholars and poets.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engaged in conflicts with the Cholas and other regional powers for dominance in the Deccan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gradually declined due to the rise of powerful dynasties like the Hoysalas and Seunas (Yadavas).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Chalukya of Badami<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Chalukyas emerged as a powerful force in the Deccan under the leadership of Pulakesin I (c. 533-566 CE), who transformed a small regional power into an independent kingdom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Pulakesin I (c. 533-566 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founder of the Badami Chalukya dynasty and first independent ruler.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established Chalukya power in the Deccan region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Made Badami (Vatapi) his capital due to its strong natural defenses of hills and rivers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Built a strong hill-fort to secure his kingdom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Performed the Ashvamedha sacrifice to declare sovereignty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adopted the title <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vallabheshvara<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Laid the political and military foundation for future expansion.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Kirtivarman I (566-597 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Son and successor of Pulakesin I.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expanded the kingdom through military conquests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated the Mauryas of North Konkan, the Nalas of Nalavadi, and the Kadambas of Banavasi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthened Chalukya control over Karnataka and surrounding regions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consolidated administrative structure and internal stability.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Mangalesa (597-609 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brother of Kirtivarman I; ruled as regent for his nephew.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expanded the empire by defeating the Kalachuris of Chedi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established control over a vast region between the eastern and western seas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attempted to retain power instead of handing it to the rightful heir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His actions led to a civil war with Pulakeshin II.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Pulakeshin II (609-642 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the greatest rulers of the Chalukya dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated Mangalesa in a civil war and ascended the throne.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adopted the title <\/span><b><i>Satyashraya<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Made the Chalukyas the paramount power in the Deccan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated southern powers like the Western Gangas and Alupas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Northern rulers such as Latas, Malavas, and Gurjaras accepted his supremacy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Successfully stopped the advance of Harshavardhana at the Narmada River.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conquered the Vengi region and appointed his brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana as governor, leading to the rise of Eastern Chalukyas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially defeated the Pallava dynasty and occupied northern territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Later defeated by Pallava ruler Narasimhavarman I, who captured Badami.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained diplomatic relations with Persia; received an envoy from Khosrow II.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Visited by Chinese traveler Xuanzang.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encouraged art, architecture, and learning; Aihole inscription written by Ravikirti.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Vikramaditya I (644-681 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Son of Pulakeshin II who restored Chalukya power after decline.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recovered territories lost to the Pallavas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formed alliances with the Pandyas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invaded and plundered Kanchipuram, avenging his father\u2019s defeat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Re-established stability and unity in the empire.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Vinayaditya (681-693 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ruled during a period of peace and prosperity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained stability and strong administration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focused on consolidation rather than expansion.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Vijayaditya (693-733 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Had one of the longest and most peaceful reigns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Period marked by economic growth and internal stability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encouraged large-scale temple construction and religious activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthened administrative efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Vikramaditya II (733-745 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Powerful ruler known for repeated victories over the Pallavas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invaded Kanchipuram multiple times and defeated the Pallavas decisively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His victories ended Pallava dominance in the far south.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Successfully resisted Arab invasions in western India (especially Gujarat region).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted art and temple architecture.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Kirtivarman II (744-745 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last ruler of the Badami Chalukya dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Faced internal weaknesses and external threats.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated by Dantidurga.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Led to the rise of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marked the end of the Badami Chalukya rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Eastern Chalukyas (c. 624 &#8211; 11th Century)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Eastern Chalukyas were an important branch of the Chalukya dynasty that ruled the eastern Deccan region, particularly the fertile coastal plains of Andhra Pradesh. They were founded by <\/span><b>Kubja Vishnuvardhana<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the brother of <\/span><b>Pulakeshin II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, after the conquest of the Vengi region.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Political History and Struggles<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early rulers after Vishnuvardhana were mostly weak, leading to political instability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Between 642 CE and 705 CE, frequent changes in rulers weakened the kingdom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internal family disputes and succession conflicts created instability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The rise of the Rashtrakuta dynasty posed a serious threat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rashtrakutas repeatedly invaded and overran the Vengi region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stability was restored under Gunaga Vijayaditya III (848 CE), who resisted Rashtrakuta dominance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He initially maintained friendly relations with Rashtrakuta ruler Amoghavarsha but later asserted independence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continuous conflicts with neighboring powers shaped the political structure of the kingdom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eventually, the Eastern Chalukyas were absorbed into the Chola Empire through alliances and succession.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Kubja Vishnuvardhana (624-641 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founder of the Eastern Chalukya dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially served as viceroy under Pulakeshin II.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declared independence and established a separate kingdom in Vengi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Known by the title <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vishamasiddhi<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (conqueror of difficulties).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Likely died in battle during conflicts with the Pallavas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Succeeded by his son Jayasimha I.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Mangi Yuvaraja (682\u2013706 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His reign marked the end of a series of weak rulers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Faced increasing pressure from the Rashtrakuta dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Had to defend the kingdom against repeated invasions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Began efforts to stabilize the kingdom.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Rajaraja Narendra (1019\u20131061 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most important rulers of the dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established the city of Rajahmundry (Rajahmahendravaram).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His reign saw cultural and literary development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained close relations with the Cholas through marriage alliances.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Married Amangai Devi, daughter of Rajendra Chola I.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His son later became a ruler of the Chola Empire, leading to the merger of the two dynasties.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Administration under Eastern Chalukya<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early administration followed the model of Badami Chalukyas but later developed regional features.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on traditional Hindu political theory like <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Saptanga<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (seven elements of the state).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Important officials included ministers, priests, military commanders, and administrators.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Key administrative divisions were <\/span><b>Vishaya<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (district) and <\/span><b>Kottam<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (sub-division).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Royal orders were issued to local officers and village assemblies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Land grants were common and often recorded in inscriptions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local chiefs and officers like <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manneyas<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> held land assignments.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Religion under Eastern Chalukya<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hinduism was the dominant religion, especially Shaivism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many rulers called themselves <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parama Maheswara<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (devotees of Shiva).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temples were built and religious festivals were organized.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buddhism declined during this period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jainism continued to receive support and had strong public presence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jain temples and land grants are mentioned in inscriptions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ruler Vimaladitya was a follower of Jain teachings.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Architecture under Eastern Chalukya<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temple construction increased due to the popularity of Shaivism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vijayaditya II is said to have built 108 temples.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yuddhamalla I built a Kartikeya temple at Vijayawada.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bhima I constructed famous temples like:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Draksharama Temple<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samalkot Temple<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developed a distinct architectural style influenced by Pallava and Chalukya traditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Famous temple groups include:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pancharama temples<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biccavolu temples<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Golingeshvara Temple is known for sculptures of Shiva, Vishnu, Agni, and Surya.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Western Chalukyas (c. 973-1189 CE)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Western Chalukyas, also known as the <\/span><b>Kalyani Chalukyas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, were a later branch of the Chalukya dynasty that ruled large parts of the Deccan from the late 10th to the 12th century. They revived Chalukya power after the decline of the Rashtrakutas and played a crucial role in the political and cultural history of South India. Their capital was at <\/span><b>Basavakalyan <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(ancient Kalyani).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Origin and Establishment<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founded by Tailapa II in 973 CE after defeating the last Rashtrakuta ruler.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Re-established Chalukya authority nearly two centuries after the fall of the Badami Chalukyas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initially ruled from Manyakheta (former Rashtrakuta capital).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Later shifted capital to Basavakalyan (Kalyani), which became a major political and cultural center.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Claimed descent from the earlier Chalukyas to legitimize their rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Their rise marks the beginning of a new phase in Deccan politics.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Political Expansion and Conflicts<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controlled vast regions including Karnataka, parts of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constantly engaged in wars with the powerful <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/chola-dynasty\/\" target=\"_blank\">Chola dynasty<\/a><\/strong> for control over the Vengi region.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Tungabhadra River served as a natural boundary between Chalukya and Chola territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fought against other regional powers like the Paramaras, Kalachuris, and Hoysalas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained a balance of power in the Deccan through both warfare and alliances.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Period marked by both military conflicts and political stability.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Important Rulers and Their Contributions<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have described in brief all the important rulers of the Western Chalukyas along with their contributions to administration, society, religion, economy, art and architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Tailapa II (973\u2013997 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Founder of the dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated the Rashtrakutas and restored Chalukya prestige.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consolidated control over the Deccan region.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Satyashraya (997\u20131008 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defended the kingdom against Chola invasions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintained territorial integrity during external threats.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Someshvara I (1042\u20131068 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most capable rulers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthened administration and military organization.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developed Basavakalyan as a prominent capital.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continued conflicts with the Cholas for dominance in South India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Vikramaditya VI (1076\u20131126 CE)<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Greatest ruler of the Western Chalukyas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His reign is considered the golden age of the dynasty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chalukya-Vikrama Era<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1076 CE.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defeated the Cholas and expanded political influence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensured long-term peace, stability, and prosperity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patronized scholars like Bilhana and Vijnaneshwara.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted literature, law, and culture.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Administration<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strong central monarchy supported by ministers and officials.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kingdom divided into <\/span><b>Mandalas (provinces), Nadus (districts), and villages<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local self-government played an important role in administration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feudal system was prominent, with local chiefs (feudatories) controlling regions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Land revenue was the main source of income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officers were appointed for tax collection, law enforcement, and justice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inscriptions mention grants to temples, Brahmins, and institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Economy<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agriculture was the backbone of the economy, supported by irrigation tanks and canals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cultivation of crops like rice, millet, and pulses was common.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trade flourished due to control over inland trade routes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trade links existed with other regions of India and possibly overseas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guilds of merchants and artisans played a significant role in economic life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use of coins and land grants facilitated economic transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Religion and Society<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hinduism was dominant, especially Shaivism and Vaishnavism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rulers built temples and supported religious institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patronized Jainism, which had a strong presence in Karnataka.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Society was organized around temples, which acted as centers of social and economic activity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Religious tolerance allowed multiple faiths to flourish.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Art and Architecture<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developed a unique architectural style known as the Later Chalukya or Kalyani style.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Used <\/span><b>soapstone<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which allowed detailed and intricate carvings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced <\/span><b>lathe-turned pillars<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a key architectural innovation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temples featured ornate doorways, sculpted ceilings, and detailed iconography.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Represent a transitional phase between early Chalukya and Hoysala architecture.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Important Temples<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mahadeva Temple \u2013 Known as the \u201cEmperor among Temples\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kashivisvesvara Temple \u2013 Famous for intricate carvings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dodda Basappa Temple \u2013 Unique star-shaped structure<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Decline<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continuous wars with the Cholas weakened the empire.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rise of powerful regional dynasties like the Hoysalas and Seunas reduced their influence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internal rebellions and feudal fragmentation weakened central authority.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gradual loss of territories led to decline by the late 12th century.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chalukya Dynasty was a major Deccan power (6th\u201312th century), known for Pulakeshin II, regional expansion, temple architecture, and cultural development.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":98274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[6872,4935,5102],"class_list":{"0":"post-98443","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-chalukya-dynasty","9":"tag-geography","10":"tag-geography-notes","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98443"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98485,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98443\/revisions\/98485"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}