{"id":98987,"date":"2026-04-18T16:45:28","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T11:15:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=98987"},"modified":"2026-04-18T16:45:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T11:15:28","slug":"illegal-sand-mining","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/illegal-sand-mining\/","title":{"rendered":"Illegal Sand Mining, Reason, Legal Framework, Cases in India"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sand is a naturally occurring granular material formed from weathered rocks and minerals and it is the second most used natural resource after water globally. Sand Mining refers to the extraction of sand from rivers, lakes, coastal areas and other environments for construction and industrial use. <\/span><b>Illegal Sand Mining<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the unauthorized extraction of sand without permits, often driven by high demand, weak enforcement and organized criminal networks, leading to severe environmental and economic consequences.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Reasons<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal Sand Mining is driven by economic demand, governance gaps and lack of sustainable alternatives, making it a widespread environmental and administrative issue.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High Construction Demand: India\u2019s construction sector contributes about 9% of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/gross-domestic-product-gdp\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>GDP <\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and requires nearly 700 million tonnes of sand annually, while legal supply is around 400 million tonnes, creating a deficit filled through illegal mining activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rapid Urbanization: Increasing population and urban expansion significantly raise infrastructure demand, including housing, roads and bridges, which directly increases dependence on sand as a primary raw material.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weak Enforcement Mechanisms: Inadequate regulatory monitoring and weak implementation of laws allow illegal mining operations to continue unchecked, especially in remote riverine and coastal regions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sand Mafia Networks: Organized criminal groups control illegal mining operations, operating as parallel economies worth \u20b940,000-\u20b950,000 crore annually, often involving violence, corruption and political patronage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complex Approval Processes: Lengthy and bureaucratic procedures for legal mining approvals discourage compliance, pushing operators toward illegal extraction to save time and costs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of Alternatives: Limited adoption of substitutes like <\/span><b>manufactured sand (M sand)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>fly ash<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and recycled materials maintains high dependence on natural river sand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Corruption and Nexus: Collusion between local authorities, politicians and illegal miners weakens governance, enabling illegal operations to flourish without fear of strict penalties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor EIA Implementation: Weak enforcement of <\/span><b>Environmental Impact Assessment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> norms allows small scale mining activities to bypass regulatory scrutiny and operate illegally.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Sand Mining Legal Framework<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal Sand Mining refers to regulated extraction carried out under government approval with environmental safeguards, licensing and scientific limits to ensure sustainability and ecological balance.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal Definition and Nature: Sand is classified as a minor mineral under the <\/span><b>Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act 1957<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and its regulation is primarily under State Governments through rules framed under Section 15 of the Act.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Environmental Clearance Requirement: Legal mining requires Environmental Clearance under the<\/span><b> Environment Impact Assessment Notification 2006<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, even for areas below 5 hectares, ensuring ecological considerations before extraction activities begin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Role of SEIAA and SEAC: The <\/span><b>State Environment Impact Assessment Authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>State Expert Appraisal Committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> evaluate mining proposals based on river flow, replenishment capacity and ecological sensitivity before granting approvals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Sustainable Sand Mining Guidelines 2016<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Issued by MoEFCC, these guidelines focus on maintaining river equilibrium, preventing groundwater depletion and ensuring environmentally sustainable mining practices across India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enforcement and Monitoring Guidelines for Sand Mining 2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: These guidelines provide a standardized protocol for tracking sand extraction, transportation and usage using technologies like <\/span><b>drones<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>GPS <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>satellite monitoring systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">District Survey Report: The government mandates preparation of District Survey Reports as a scientific basis for granting mining leases, which are updated every five years to reflect resource availability and ecological conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal vs Illegal Sand Mining: Legal mining involves permits, royalty payments and monitoring, while illegal mining operates without authorization, causing revenue loss and environmental degradation with no accountability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal Sand Mining Punishments: <\/span><b>MMDR Act amendments (2015)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> increased penalties to \u20b95 lakh per hectare and imprisonment up to 5 years, with <\/span><b>Special Courts <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for speedy trials and State Governments empowered under Section 23C to enforce strict action.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal Sand Mining Complaint: Complaints regarding illegal mining can be reported to district authorities, police or mining departments, as State Governments under Section 23C of the MMDR Act are responsible for enforcement, investigation and necessary legal action.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Cases in India<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal Sand Mining in India has grown due to rising demand, weak enforcement and organized networks, creating a large parallel economy and environmental crisis.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Economic Scale of Illegal Trade: The Illegal Sand Mining economy in India is estimated to be about \u20b950,000 crore annually, indicating the scale of unregulated extraction and associated black market activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Major Affected Regions: States like <\/span><b>Uttar Pradesh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Madhya Pradesh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Maharashtra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Tamil Nadu<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Bihar <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>Odisha <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">face severe illegal mining along rivers such as <\/span><b>Yamuna<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Narmada<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Godavari<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Cauvery <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>Son<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bihar Crackdown: Bihar Police conducted a major operation near the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/sone-river\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Sone River<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, arresting sand smugglers, highlighting the presence of organized criminal syndicates controlling illegal mining activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">River System Impact: Rivers such as the <\/span><b>Ganga<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>Brahmaputra <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and their tributaries experience excessive extraction, altering sediment balance and affecting long term river stability and water systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sand Mafia: Illegal mining is often controlled by organized groups with political patronage, leading to violence, intimidation and even killings of officials, journalists and activists.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global Context: Studies indicate that 40 to 50 billion tonnes of sand are extracted annually worldwide, with illegal mining contributing significantly due to lack of global regulatory frameworks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Impacts<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Illegal Sand Mining has serious environmental, economic and social consequences, affecting river ecosystems, biodiversity and local livelihoods significantly.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">River Ecology Degradation: According to the Geological Survey of India, excessive sand removal alters riverbeds, disrupts natural flow and destroys aquatic habitats, affecting fish breeding and ecological balance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erosion and Land Loss: Unregulated mining causes riverbank erosion, leading to loss of agricultural land and displacement of communities living near rivers and coastal areas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Groundwater Depletion: Deep pits created by sand extraction lower groundwater levels, affecting drinking water availability and causing water scarcity in nearby villages.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flood Risk Increase: Removal of sand weakens natural barriers like sandbanks and dunes, increasing vulnerability to floods in riverine and coastal regions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biodiversity Loss: Habitat destruction impacts species like fish, turtles and birds. Regions like <\/span><b>Chambal Sanctuary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> facing threats to endangered <\/span><b>gharials <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">due to illegal mining.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water Quality Decline: Increased sediment imbalance and turbidity reduce water quality, affecting both human consumption and aquatic ecosystems.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social and Economic Consequences: Illegal mining leads to violence, livelihood loss for fishermen and farmers and significant revenue loss to the government due to tax evasion.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Government Initiatives<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government has introduced policies, laws and technological tools to regulate Sand Mining and curb illegal activities across India.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>MMDR Act 1957<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: This Act provides the legal framework for mining regulation, with provisions to prevent illegal mining and empower states to take enforcement actions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/national-mineral-policy-2019\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>National Mineral Policy 2019<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It emphasizes transparency, sustainable mining practices and scientific resource management to reduce illegal extraction and promote accountability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Sustainable Sand Mining Guidelines 2016<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: These guidelines aim to ensure environmentally sustainable mining while protecting river ecosystems and maintaining natural sediment balance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enforcement and Monitoring Guidelines 2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Introduces modern monitoring systems including drones, satellite imagery and real time tracking of sand transportation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mining Surveillance System: Developed using space technology in coordination with <\/span><b>BISAG <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>MeitY<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it helps detect illegal mining activities through satellite based monitoring.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digital Tracking Systems: Initiatives like <\/span><b>e-Green Watch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and digital sand tracking ensure end to end monitoring of mining activities and reduce illegal transportation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State Level Actions: States like <\/span><b>Bihar <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have set up check posts and conducted enforcement drives, while <\/span><b>Odisha <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">uses integrated digital systems to regulate mining operations effectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Case Laws<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Judicial interventions have played a crucial role in regulating Illegal Sand Mining and addressing environmental concerns arising from illegal extraction.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chambal Sand Mining Case (2026)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Court described Sand Mining cartels as \u201cmodern dacoits.\u201d It flagged an \u201cenvironmental crisis\u201d in <\/span><b>National Chambal Sanctuary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ordering CCTV surveillance, GPS tracking, vehicle seizure, joint patrols and warning of complete mining ban or central force deployment for non compliance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>UP Sand Mining PIL (2022)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The court directed adoption of e-licensing systems to ensure transparency and reduce corruption in Sand Mining processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>NGT v. Tamil Nadu Sand Mining Case (2018)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: National Green Tribunal directed implementation of digital monitoring systems to track sand transportation and curb illegal activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Deepak Kumar v. State of Haryana (2013)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The Supreme Court mandated environmental clearance for all Sand Mining activities, even below 5 hectares, to prevent ecological damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Sustainable Sand Mining Challenges<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite policies and awareness, achieving eradication of Illegal Sand Mining remains difficult due to multiple structural, economic and governance related challenges.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High Construction Demand: Rapid urbanization and infrastructure growth continuously increase demand for sand, making it difficult to reduce dependency on natural sources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weak Enforcement Mechanisms: Lack of effective monitoring, limited manpower and corruption reduce the effectiveness of laws and guidelines on the ground.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limited Alternatives Adoption: Manufactured sand and recycled materials are not widely adopted due to cost, awareness gaps and market preferences for natural sand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governance and Coordination Issues: Overlapping responsibilities between central and state authorities create gaps in policy implementation and enforcement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sand Mafia Influence: Organized criminal networks with political support hinder strict action, making enforcement risky and challenging for authorities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Environmental Assessment Gaps: Weak implementation of Environmental Impact Assessments allows illegal activities to continue without proper ecological evaluation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data and Monitoring Limitations: Lack of real time data and comprehensive surveys makes it difficult to track extraction levels and ensure sustainable mining practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Illegal Sand Mining Measures<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Addressing Illegal Sand Mining requires a combination of regulatory reforms, technological solutions and sustainable alternatives to ensure long term environmental protection.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promote <\/span><b>Manufactured Sand (M Sand)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Encouraging use of crushed stone sand as an alternative can significantly reduce dependence on riverbed sand and lower environmental damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthen Monitoring Technology: Use of drones, satellite imagery, GPS tracking and remote sensing can help detect illegal mining activities in real time and improve enforcement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Centralized Regulatory Framework: Bringing uniform national level regulation can reduce inconsistencies across states and ensure better control over illegal mining operations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Community Participation: Involving <\/span><b>local communities <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>Gram Panchayats <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in monitoring can improve reporting of illegal activities and enhance accountability at the grassroots level.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strict Law Enforcement: Strengthening penalties and ensuring swift legal action against offenders can deter illegal mining and reduce the influence of Sand Mafias.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduce Sand Consumption: Promoting green construction practices using fly ash, recycled materials and alternative technologies can lower overall demand for natural sand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scientific Mining Practices: Implementing replenishment based extraction limits and periodic audits ensures sustainable use of sand resources while maintaining ecological balance.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Illegal sand mining in India harms rivers, biodiversity and groundwater, driven by high demand, weak enforcement and sand mafias, causing ecological and economic loss.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":98878,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[4935,5102,6952],"class_list":{"0":"post-98987","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-geography","9":"tag-geography-notes","10":"tag-lllegal-sand-mining","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98987"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99019,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98987\/revisions\/99019"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}