{"id":9918,"date":"2022-10-12T05:12:09","date_gmt":"2022-10-11T23:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=9918"},"modified":"2025-03-29T16:14:24","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T10:44:24","slug":"collegium-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/collegium-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Collegium System"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The collegium system of appointing judges evolved through three significant verdicts of the Supreme Court, known as the First, Second, and Third Judges Cases.<\/li>\n<li>The Constitution of India does not mention the collegium system; however, these three cases established that the collegium headed by the Chief Justice of India will have primacy in the appointment of judges to the higher judiciary.<\/li>\n<li>The Supreme Court collegium is headed by the CJI and comprises four other senior-most judges of the court.<\/li>\n<li>This collegium makes recommendations to the government for appointment of judges to the SC and of Chief Justices of High Courts, and the transfers of HC judges.<\/li>\n<li>A separate three-member collegium, headed by the CJI and comprising the two senior-most judges of the SC makes recommendations for appointment of judges to HCs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What are the Judges Cases?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>First Judges Case (1982)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SC held that &#8220;consultation&#8221;\u00a0of judges\u00a0does not mean concurrence<\/li>\n<li>Hence, it gave the primacy in appointment of judges to the Executive.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Second Judges Case (1993)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Court\u00a0reversed its earlier ruling\u00a0by changing the meaning of &#8220;consultation&#8221;\u00a0to\u00a0concurrence.<\/li>\n<li>With this, the advice tendered by CJI became binding. However, the CJI would have to take into account the views of\u00a0two of his senior most colleagues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Third Judges Case (1998)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Court gave primacy to the opinion of CJI in the matter of appointment of Judges.<\/li>\n<li>However,\u00a0Chief Justice must consult four seniormost judges of SC.<\/li>\n<li>Opinion of all members of the collegium should be in writing.<\/li>\n<li>Even if two judges in the collegium give an adverse opinion of a person for appointment as the SC judge, the CJI should not send the recommendation to the government.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is a 5+1 collegium?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Given the order of seniority, a potential CJI will enter the Chandrachud collegium only in May 2023. However, Justice Khanna will be the sixth member of the collegium from November 9, 2022 itself.<\/li>\n<li>This happened earlier in 2007 \u2014 when then CJI K G Balakrishnan took the top office, the collegium he headed did not have a potential CJI candidate. Justice S H Kapadia, who was next in line to be CJI, was invited to the collegium as the sixth member.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source :\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/principle-of-seniority-and-next-cji-chandrachuds-51-collegium-8203275\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Indian Judicial collegium system, where existing judges appoint judges to the nation&#8217;s constitutional court<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9918","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9918"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9918\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9918"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}