24-10-2024
09:46 AM
Prelims: History of India and Indian National Movement
Mains: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country
Lord Ripon (George Frederick Robinson) served as the Viceroy of India from 1880 to 1884. Lord Ripon as a representative of the British monarchy introduced several significant reforms during his tenure, such as the Factory Act of 1881, the Mysore Rendition of 1881, the repeal of the Vernacular Press Act (1882), and the Hunter Commission on Education (1882).
He also introduced local self-government through the 1882 resolution, earning him the title "Father of Local Self-Government in India." His liberal approach earned him respect and a legacy as one of British India's most progressive Viceroys.
George Frederick Robinson, known as Lord Ripon, was born on October 24, 1827, into a politically prominent family. His early career featured several significant governmental roles, including Under-Secretary of State for War (1859–1861), Under-Secretary of State for India (1861), Secretary of State for War (1863–1866), and Secretary of State for India (1866).
Lord Ripon, who served as the Viceroy of India (1880 to 1884) introduced several reforms including the Factory Act to improve labour conditions, the Mysore Rendition restoring local rule, the repeal of the Vernacular Press Act for press freedom, the Education Commission for educational improvements, and introduced local self-government, Ilbert Bill for judicial equality.
Question 1: Consider the following statements: (UPSC Prelims 2017)
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (b)
Question 2: The Ilbert Bill controversy was related to the (UPSC Prelims 2013)
(a) imposition of certain restrictions to carry arms by the Indians
(b) imposition of restrictions on newspapers and magazines published in Indian languages
(c) removal of disqualifications imposed on the Indian magistrates with regard to the trial of the Europeans
(d) removal of a duty on imported cotton cloth
Answer: (c)
Q1. What is Lord Ripon famous for?
Ans. Lord Ripon is well-known for his progressive reforms, which included the repeal of the Vernacular Press Act and the establishment of local self-government in India.
Q2. Which law was repealed by Lord Ripon?
Ans. Lord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press Act of 1878.
Q3. What bill was introduced by Lord Ripon?
Ans. Lord Ripon introduced the Ilbert Bill, which sought to allow Indian judges to preside over European cases.
Q4. What is the Factory Act of Lord Ripon?
Ans. Lord Ripon introduced the Factory Act of 1881, which regulated child labour and working conditions in Indian factories.
Q5. Which commission was established by Lord Ripon?
Ans. Lord Ripon established the Education Commission, also known as the Hunter Commission, in 1882.
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