16-05-2024
09:06 AM
GS II
Sub-Categories:
Polity Notes for UPSC
Table of Contents
Prelims: Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Mains: Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, also known as the Panchayati Raj Act, is a landmark legislation in India that aims to provide a three-tier system of decentralized self-governance in rural areas. The main provisions of the Act are outlined in Part IX of the Indian Constitution, which consists of Articles 243 to 243-O.
Some major provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 are
PRIs in India face several challenges. Some of these challenges include:
The Second ARC made several recommendations for improving Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in India. Some of these recommendations include
There are several potential suggestions for improving the Panchayati Raj institution in India, which are given below:
The Panchayat, which serves a population of approximately 10,000 people, has implemented several initiatives to improve the lives of its citizens, including
Pedda Gram Panchayat’s key initiatives are given below:
Q) Assess the importance of the Panchayat system in India as a part of local government. Apart from government grants, what sources the Panchayats can look out for financing development projects? (2018)
Q) In absence of well–educated and organised local level government system, ‘Panchayats’ and ‘Samitis’ have remained mainly political institutions and not effective instruments of governance. Critically discuss. (2015)
Q) Under which schedule of the Constitution of India can the transfer of tribal land to private parties for mining be declared null and void? (2019)
(a) Third Schedule
(b) Fifth Schedule
(c) Ninth Schedule
(d) Twelfth Schedule
Q) Local self-government can be best explained as an exercise in (2017)
(a) Federalism
(b) Democratic decentralization
(c) Administrative delegation
(d) Direct democracy
Q) Consider the following statements: (2016 )
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q) The fundamental object of the Panchayati Raj system is to ensure which among the following? (2015)
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q) The Government enacted the Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act in 1996. Which one of the following is not identified as its objective? (2013)
(a) To provide self-governance
(b) To recognize traditional rights
(c) To create autonomous regions in tribal areas
(d) To free tribal people from exploitation
Q) Under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, who shall be the authority to initiate the process for determining the nature and extent of individual or community forest rights or both? (2013)
(a) State Forest Department
(b) District Collector/Deputy Commissioner
(c) Tahsildar/Block Development Officer/Mandal Revenue Officer
(d) Gram Sabha
Q) Which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India have a bearing on Education? (2012)
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Q) The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992, which aims at promoting the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the country, provides for which of the following? (2011)
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
The foundational principles of local self-government in India are based on the idea of community participation, decentralization of power, Transparency and accountability, Responsiveness to local needs, and Independent and Autonomous, Democratic governance.
Lord Ripon is considered the "Father of Local Self-Government in India." He served as the Governor-General of British India from 1880 to 1884, during which time he introduced a number of reforms aimed at increasing the participation of Indians in the administration of their own affairs.
The power distribution is not well established, leaving questions about task allocation, qualifications, and necessary requirements unanswered. Additionally, a lack of financial resources is hindering the ability to achieve the goal of self-governance.
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