MCQ for test-4-9th-april-2023

Consider the following statements:

1. The ecological pyramid of biomass is normally upright in terrestrial ecosystems and inverted in aquatic ecosystems.

2. In a grassland ecosystem, the ecological pyramid will generally be inverted.

3. The ecological pyramid of energy is always upright.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to ecological succession, consider the following statements:

1. Change in the structure of the communities is orderly and sequential.

2. The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere.

3. A climax community is in near equilibrium with the environment.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological interactions:

1. Competition occurs when two populations need a vital resource that is in short supply.

2. The process of cross-pollination between flowering plants and bees demonstrates the Phenomenon of Symbiosis.

3. In Parasitism one species is harmed while the other is unaffected.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to nutrient cycling, consider the following statements:

1. The reservoir for the gaseous as well as sedimentary cycle exists in the earth’s crust.

2. Sedimentary cycles are perfect cycles as they provide immediate recycling of nutrients.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the productivity of an ecosystem, consider the following statements:

1. Primary Productivity depends on the plant species inhabiting a particular area.

2. Gross Primary Productivity is the amount of organic substances left in the plant after its own metabolism.

3. Secondary Productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers.

4. Oceans have higher annual net primary productivity compared to land.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1. Ectotherm organisms are those that maintain a constant body temperature independent of the environment.

2. Endotherm is an organism whose regulation of body temperature depends on external sources.

3. Eurythermal organisms can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Detritus food chain, consider the following statements:

1. It is the type of food chain that starts with dead organic materials.

2. It produces a very low amount of energy compared to the grazing food chain.

3. It is completely isolated from the grazing food chain.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the Taiga Ecosystem:

1. It is present in the northern hemisphere only.

2. Generally the trees in the taiga forest do not shed their leaves during winters.

3. It is the world’s largest terrestrial biome.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to the Ecological Concepts, consider the following statements:

1. No two species in a habitat can have the same niche.

2. Earth has only three major habitats namely terrestrial, freshwater and ocean.

3. A habitat cannot support a wide range of species with similar needs.

Which among the above statements is/are correct?

With reference to Nitrogen cycle, consider the following statements:

1. Abiotic processes such as lightning and UV radiation fix more than half of the nitrogen in the atmosphere.

2. Nitrifying bacteria transforms soil ammonia into nitrates.

3. Azotobacter and clostridium are nitrifying bacteria found in soil.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the flow of energy in an ecosystem, consider the following statements:

1. Ecological efficiency is the efficiency at which energy is transferred from one trophic level to another.

2. More than half of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to another.

3. Assimilation efficiency is the efficiency by which animals convert the food they ingest into energy.

4. Herbivores generally have higher assimilation efficiencies than carnivores.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Organisms living in lagoons and estuaries have to make adaptations to cope with which of the following changes?

1. Salinity.
2. Instability of the floor bed.
3. Evaporation.
4. Dissolved oxygen in the soil.

Select the correct answer using the code below.

With reference to the stratification in an ecosystem, consider the following statements:

1. Variation in sunlight can lead to vertical stratification in forests.

2. Stratification results in increased interspecific competition.

3. Horizontal differences among species generally occur due to differences in the amount of water or nutrients.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is the correct chronological order of the following ecosystems based on the decreasing level of Net Primary Productivity?

1. Savanna Grasslands

2. Open Ocean

3. Estuaries

4. Forests

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

In which one of the following states is Aghanashini estuary located?

Consider the following statements:

1. If we move across a food chain from producers to top consumers, there is constant increase of energy at subsequent trophic level.

2. If we move across a food chain from producers to top consumers there is a constant increase of non-biodegradable toxicant at subsequent trophic levels.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following is/are characteristic features of an ecosystem?

1. Sustains life on Earth

2. Homeostasis

3. Ability to evolve as per changing environmental conditions

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Consider the following statements with reference to countervailing duty:

1. It is imposed on imported goods to compensate for government subsidies provided by the exporting country.

2. The World Trade Organization (WTO) do not permit the imposition of countervailing duty by its member countries.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following are considered as non-tariff barriers to trade?

1. General or product-specific quotas

2. Quality conditions imposed by the importing country

3. Discriminatory rules of origin

4. Export subsidies

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements with reference to different levels of economic integration:

1. In a Customs Union (CU), there is a free flow of labour and capital among member countries.

2. In a Common Market (CM), member countries abolish barriers to trade and service among them and as a whole maintain a common external tariff.

3. In an Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), the monetary and fiscal policies are harmonized among member countries.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to ‘Anti-dumping duties’:

1. It is applicable to both import and export-related goods and services.

2. Imposing anti-dumping duties will lead to widening of trade deficit.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to Special Economic Zones (SEZ) in India:

1. They can be set up in any Domestic Tariff Area (DTA) as demarcated by the State Government.

2. Entities in it are fully exempted from Custom Duties if they are selling within the country.

3. Foreign companies are not allowed to set up these areas.

Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?

Consider the following statements about Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA):

1. In this type of agreement, two or more partners give preferential right of entry to all the products.

2. The tariffs on selected products are abolished completely.

3. There are two lists in PTAs: a positive list & a negative list.

4. A PTA reflects is a deeper form of trade engagement between two countries.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to the Remission of Duties or Taxes on Export Products (RoDTEP) scheme:

1. It replaced the Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS).

2. It is a WTO compliant scheme applicable to the export of all goods and services.

3. Duties and taxes levied at the Central, State and local levels will be refunded to exporters.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The term “Certificates of Origin” is related to which of the following?