Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC)

Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC) Latest News

Recently, a team of Indian scientists has developed novel analytical methods to study and potentially treat Rare Colorectal Cancer (SRCC) more effectively.

What is Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC)?

• Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC) that originates in the colon or rectum.
• It is named for the signet ring-like appearance of its cells under a microscope, caused by mucus pushing the nucleus to one side.
• SRCC is known for its rapid spread, resistance to conventional therapies, and late-stage diagnosis, making it one of the deadliest colon cancer variants.

What Are the Innovative Methods Introduced?

• The researchers developed Patient-Derived Organoids (PDOs) and Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDXs):
  • PDOs are miniature 3D tumour models grown from human cancer tissues in lab dishes.
  • PDXs involve implanting human tumour cells into mice, enabling the tumour to grow in a living system.
• These lab-grown models closely mimic the molecular behaviour of actual human SRCC tumours.
• This method forms one of the first living biobanks of SRCC models, enabling researchers to study the disease more precisely and test treatments in a controlled environment.
• A major difficulty in treating SRCC is its tendency to spread to the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity, which worsens the prognosis and reduces treatment effectiveness.
• While SRCC makes up only 1% of all CRC cases globally, in India, it affects a disproportionately larger number of patients — nearly 10 times more, often in younger individuals.

Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC) FAQs

Q1. What is Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma (SRCC)?
Ans. SRCC is an aggressive cancer subtype marked by cells resembling signet rings (cytoplasm pushed to periphery by mucin). It commonly affects the stomach, colon, or breast.

Q2. Why is SRCC clinically significant?
Ans. It has a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis, rapid metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Early detection via endoscopy/biopsy is critical.

Q3. What are the risk factors for SRCC?
Ans. Genetic predisposition (CDH1 mutations), chronic inflammation (e.g., H. pylori infection), and lifestyle factors like smoking.

Source: IE