What is a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attack?

About Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attack:

• A DDoS attack is a malicious attempt to disrupt the normal traffic of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming the target or its surrounding infrastructure with a flood of Internet traffic.
• It is a cyber crime to prevent users from accessing connected online services and sites.
• DDoS attacks achieve effectiveness by utilizing multiple compromised computer systems as sources of attack traffic. 
• Exploited machines can include computers and other networked resources, such as IoT devices.
• Unlike other kinds of cyberattacks, DDoS assaults don’t attempt to breach your security perimeter. Rather, a DDoS attack aims to make your website and servers unavailable to legitimate users.
• DDoS can also be used as a smoke screen for other malicious activities and to take down security appliances, breaching the target’s security perimeter.
• How does a DDoS attack work?
  • DDoS attacks are carried out with networks of Internet-connected machines.
  • These networks consist of computers and other devices (such as IoT devices) which have been infected with malware, allowing them to be controlled remotely by an attacker.
  • These individual devices are referred to as bots (or zombies), and a group of bots is called a botnet.
  • Once a botnet has been established, the attacker is able to direct an attack by sending remote instructions to each bot.
  • When a victim’s server or network is targeted by the botnet, each bot sends requests to the target’s IP address, potentially causing the server or network to become overwhelmed, resulting in a denial of service to normal traffic.
  • Because each bot is a legitimate Internet device, separating the attack traffic from normal traffic can be difficult.

Q1: What is Malware?

Malware, or malicious software, is any program or file that is intentionally harmful to a computer, network or server. Types of malware include computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransomware and spyware.

Source: What Is "DDOS Attack" Flagged By Elon Musk That Hit Donald Trump Interview?