{"id":14520,"date":"2025-12-23T09:51:36","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T04:21:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=14520"},"modified":"2025-12-24T12:39:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T07:09:07","slug":"brics-summit-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/brics-summit-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"BRICS Summit 2025, Theme, Host Country, Key Highlights"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 17th BRICS Summit took place in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil on 6th and 7th July 2025. The theme this year was \u201cStrengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance.\u201d. At the end of this summit, the \u201cRio de Janeiro Declaration\u201d was adopted to represent a strategic shift towards expansion, inclusivity and strong south-south cooperation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><strong>BRICS Summit 2025 Highlights<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The BRICS Summit 2025 discussed the following important agenda:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reaffirming strategic vision and BRICS Spirit<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus on mutual respect, sovereign equality, democracy and inclusiveness<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Strengthening cooperation under three pillars:\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Political and security<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Economic and financial\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cultural and people to people cooperation<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Emphasised commitment to peace, inclusive development and reform of global governance institutions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">BRICS Membership and partnership Expansion:\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Indonesia has now joined as an official BRICS Member.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">11 new BRICS partner countries welcomed \u2013 Belarus, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Cuba, Nigeria, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Uganda, Uzbekistan.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Expansion focuses on evolving multipolar world order and Global South Solidarity.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important BRICS Declarations:\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">BRICS Summit 2025 launched a number of new initiatives:\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">BRICS Leaders\u2019 Framework Declaration on Climate Finance<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statement on Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Launch of BRICS Partnership for the Elimination of Socially Determined Diseases<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These highlight BRICS\u2019 commitment to inclusive innovation, climate action, and equitable health systems.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><strong>BRICS Summit 2025 Focus Areas and Commitments<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/brics-summit-2025-advancing-global-south-cooperation-for-inclusive-and-sustainable-governance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>BRICS Summit 2025<\/strong><\/a> focused on multiple focus areas and commitments:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li><b> Commitment to Equitable and Accountable Multilateralism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The declaration emphasized the need for a multilateral order that is fair, effective, and transparent. It supported the upcoming UN Summit of the Future\u2019s Pact for the Future, including proposals such as the Global Digital Compact and the Declaration on Future Generations. A strong emphasis was laid on shared responsibility, inclusive consultation, and equitable representation within global institutions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b> Promoting Peace, Security, and Global Stability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The declaration raised concerns over rising global military expenditures and ongoing regional conflicts. It firmly opposed the securitization of climate change discourse, advocating instead for development-focused multilateral approaches to address poverty, hunger, and environmental challenges.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b> Strengthening Economic, Trade, and Financial Cooperation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> BRICS leaders reviewed the progress of the BRICS Economic Partnership Strategy 2025 and welcomed the formulation of the upcoming Strategy for 2030, which will focus on:<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Advancing the digital economy<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Enhancing trade and investment<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deepening financial cooperation<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Promoting sustainable development<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The declaration reiterated support for a transparent, rules-based, and inclusive multilateral trading system.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol start=\"4\">\r\n\t<li><b> Climate Action and Sustainability Goals<\/b><b><br \/>\r\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Strong reaffirmation was made toward the Paris Agreement and the principles of the UNFCCC, especially the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR) and the need to consider national circumstances of developing countries.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It endorsed COP-30 in Brazil (Belem) and extended full support to India\u2019s bid to host COP-33 in 2028, calling for enhanced climate finance and robust efforts in adaptation and mitigation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b> Social, Human, and Cultural Development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The declaration underlined inclusive development, highlighting key areas such as:<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Empowerment of youth and women<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inclusion of persons with disabilities<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Managing urbanization and migration effectively<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It recognized demographic shifts as both a development challenge and an opportunity for long-term growth.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><strong>India at BRICS Summit 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 17th BRICS Summit 2025, announced India\u2019s upcoming BRICS presidency for the year 2026, outlining a transformative and a new interpretation of BRICS- Building, Resilience and Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability. India also played an important role in the BRICS agenda, advocating for critical reforms and strategic cooperation in the following areas:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Global Financial Reforms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India led discussions on de-dollarization and the need for diversified currency arrangements in global trade.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Climate Finance and Digital Governance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India emphasized equitable climate financing and stronger frameworks for digital public infrastructure.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Institutional Reform<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India reiterated its long-standing call for restructuring global governance institutions to reflect present-day geopolitical realities.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><strong>BRICS Summit 2025 Key Outcomes<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>BRICS Pay and National Currency Settlement Frameworks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Though the idea of a common BRICS currency was ruled out, India supported mechanisms to facilitate local currency trade within BRICS.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Launch of BRICS Multilateral Guarantee Mechanism (BMG)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Introduced by the New Development Bank (NDB), this initiative aims to mobilize private capital for infrastructure, climate resilience, and sustainable development projects across member nations.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><strong>US Opposition to BRICS<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As BRICS expands its membership and influence, its emergence as a powerful global bloc has attracted growing scrutiny from the United States. With the inclusion of new member nations, BRICS now represents 45% of the world\u2019s population and contributes approximately 35% to global GDP, marking a significant shift in global power dynamics.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Concerns over Currency Alternatives and Dollar Dominance<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although initial speculation hinted at the creation of a common BRICS currency, the group has clarified that it does not seek to replace the U.S. dollar. Instead, the objective is to develop alternative settlement mechanisms that promote greater market efficiency and foster a more inclusive and multipolar global financial system.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, this intent has triggered concerns in Washington:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Former President Donald Trump issued a warning of a 10% tariff on countries aligning with BRICS\u2019 so-called \u201canti-American\u201d positions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He further threatened a 100% tariff on BRICS nations should they actively pursue de-dollarisation in global trade, viewing such moves as a direct challenge to U.S. economic interests.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b>India\u2019s Approach<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India has maintained a measured and pragmatic stance on the evolving BRICS agenda, particularly on issues of currency and trade settlements:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar stated that India does not aim to undermine the dollar but seeks practical alternatives for trade settlements where necessary.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Chinese Yuan has gained significant traction within BRICS, especially in Russia, where it now accounts for 90% of bilateral trade settlements.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yet, India has pushed back against this trend, refusing to settle payments for Russian oil in Yuan\u2014demonstrating its reluctance to accept Chinese monetary dominance within BRICS frameworks.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div id=\"gtx-trans\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 185px;top: 711.941px\">\r\n<div class=\"gtx-trans-icon\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>17th BRICS Summit 2025 in Brazil welcomed Indonesia and 11 new partners, advancing climate action, economic cooperation, and Global South solidarity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":14523,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1479],"class_list":{"0":"post-14520","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-cse-exam","8":"tag-brics-summit-2025"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14520"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20319,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14520\/revisions\/20319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}