{"id":2745,"date":"2026-04-08T10:23:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T04:53:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=2745"},"modified":"2026-04-10T13:24:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T07:54:12","slug":"mahatma-gandhi-movements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/mahatma-gandhi-movements\/","title":{"rendered":"Mahatma Gandhi&#8217;s Movements During Freedom Struggle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Mahatma Gandhi Movements:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat. He earned a degree in law from England in 1891. Before entering Indian politics in 1915, he was in South Africa from 1893 to 1914. In the course of his struggle in South Africa, he developed his political philosophy based on non-violence and Satyagraha to give a new direction to the mass movement.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The emergence of Mahatma Gandhi in Indian politics marked the beginning of a <\/span><b>new phase <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">in the Indian national movement, the phase of mass movements.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arrival of Gandhi in India<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in January 1915. His efforts were well known in South Africa, not just among the educated but also among the common people. Following <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/gopal-krishna-gokhale\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Gopal Krishna Gokhale<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019s advice, he spent a year travelling across British India to understand the country\u2019s real conditions and connect with its people.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In February 1916, Gandhiji made his first major public appearance at the Banaras Hindu University inauguration. In his speech, he criticized Indian nationalism as being elitist and not reflective of the masses.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He expressed his desire to transform the nationalist movement into one that truly represented the broader Indian population, including the rural poor and marginalized communities.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This marked the beginning of his efforts to make the freedom struggle more inclusive and rooted in the everyday lives of ordinary Indians.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Champaran Satyagraha (1917)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/champaran-satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\">Champaran Satyagraha<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was the first attempt at mobilising the Indian masses by Gandhi at the invitation of Rajkumar Shukla in the context of the indigo peasants of Champaran. This Gandhian Movement was the First Civil Disobedience in India.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was primarily triggered by the oppressive \u2018Tinkathia system\u2019, under which peasants were forced to cultivate indigo on 3\/20th (15%) of their total land.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi intervened in the matter but was asked to leave the place by the authorities. However, Gandhi refused to leave, thus disobeying the order.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eventually, Gandhi was able to convince the government about the illness of the tinkathia system and to look into the matter.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Government appointed a committee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to go into the matter and nominated Gandhi as a member. As a result, the tinkathia system was abolished, and in a compromise settlement, only 25 % of the money taken by peasants was compensated.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Participants include<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Rajendra Prasad, Narhari Parekh, and J.B. Kripalani\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Following the Champaran Satyagraha, the next step in mobilising the masses was the workers of Ahmedabad's urban centre. <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/ahmedabad-mill-strike\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ahmedabad Mill Strike<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was the result of a disagreement between the textile workers and the mill owners that arose in March 1918 regarding the end of the plague bonus.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mill owners paid bonuses of <\/span><b>75% of their salary<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to retain the workers during the outbreak of the plague in 1917. But, after the end of the plague, workers were demanding an <\/span><b>increase of 50 % <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">in wages while mill owners were advocating discontinuance of the bonus. As a result, a deadlock was created.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi intervened at the request of Anusuya Sarabhai and undertook a fast unto death. As a result, owners agreed to the 35% wage hike.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This was the first movement where fasting, a means of self-suffering to create moral pressure, was used by Gandhi as a political weapon in India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kheda Satyagraha (1918)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/kheda-satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\">Kheda Satyagraha<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was the first instance of Non-Cooperation led by Gandhi in the Indian National Movement. It took place in 1918 when, due to the failure of the monsoon, peasants in the Kheda district faced severe distress and demanded revenue relief from the government in light of crop failure and rising prices.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the government's famine code, cultivators were entitled to total remission if crop yield fell below 25% of the average. But the authorities rejected it. As a result, peasants turned to Gandhi.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi intervened on behalf of the poor peasants, advising them to withhold payment and 'fight unto death against such a spirit of vindictiveness and tyranny.'<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The government ordered it to be restrained in the collection of revenues (collected only from those ryots who could afford to pay) and not to confiscate lands. Gandhi decided to withdraw from the struggle.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Participants: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sardar Vallabhbhai Pate<\/span><b>l<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Narahari Parikh, and Indulal Yagnik.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Satyagraha Against Rowlatt Act (1919)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><b>Gandhi launched Satyagraha against the <\/b><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/rowlatt-act\/\" target=\"_blank\">Rowlatt Act<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which was based on the recommendations of a Sedition Committee formed in 1917 under Justice Sidney Rowlatt to suppress revolutionary activities and investigate \u2018seditious conspiracy\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The committee's proposals led to the Rowlatt Act (Anarchic and Revolutionary Offenses Act of 1919), passed by the Imperial Legislative Council, aiming to curtail civil liberties of the Indian people.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Rowlatt Act allowed political and revolutionary activists to be tried without judicial proceedings or even imprisoned <\/span><b>without trial for two years. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It also suspended the right to <\/span><b>habeas corpus<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the right to appeal. (Read more about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/writs\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Types of Writs<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhiji called it the \u201cBlack Act '' and launched the satyagraha against the Act. It involved fasting, praying, disobeying laws, and risking arrest and imprisonment. The satyagraha brought Gandhi to the centre of the Indian national movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi also organised Satyagraha Sabha<\/span><b>, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">his organisation, to carry out the movement. However, due to the violence in some parts of India, Gandhi had to call off the Satyagraha.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi's ability to connect with the masses was demonstrated during this Satyagraha. Gandhian ideology and methods for the freedom struggle (Non-violence and Satyagraha) were introduced to the Indian masses.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-Cooperation Movement (1921-22)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/non-cooperation-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Non-Cooperation Movement<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 as a response to the horrific <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/jallianwala-bagh-massacre\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jallianwala Bagh massacre<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which occurred amidst widespread protests against the repressive Rowlatt Act.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In September 1920, the Congress held a special session in Calcutta and resolved to accept Gandhi's proposal of non-cooperation with the British government until Khilafat and Punjab grievances were addressed and self-government was established.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This Gandhian movement was merged with the Khilafat movement, which demanded that the Turkish Sultan or Khalifa retain control over the Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman empire.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Methods:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Non-cooperation movement included the boycott of schools, colleges, courts, government offices, legislatures, and foreign goods and the return of government-conferred titles and awards.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Withdrawal: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the non-cooperation movement following the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/chauri-chaura-incident\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Chauri Chaura incident<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">on 5 February 1922, in which 23 police officers were killed. After the withdrawal, he focused on the constructive programme of social reforms.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-34)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/civil-disobedience-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\">Civil Disobedience Movement<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, was the second major mass movement following the Non-Cooperation Movement and marked a significant step forward in expanding the social base of India\u2019s freedom struggle.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi declared at the Calcutta Congress in 1928 that the British must grant India dominion status, or the country would erupt in a revolution for complete independence. The British paid no attention to this. As a result, INC in its Lahore session (1929) demanded \u2018Punra Swaraj\u2019, and decided to celebrate 26th January as \u2018Independence Day\u2019. It also declared that a civil disobedience movement would be started under the leadership of Gandhi.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhi announced the 'Dandi March' against the unjust tax on salt as part of the movement. On April 6, 1930, he violated the salt regulations, thereby launching the Civil Disobedience Movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Induced by Gandhi's extraordinary endeavours at Dandi, defiance of the salt laws spread throughout the country. However, it was halted for a period after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When the movement was resumed after the failure of the Second <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/round-table-conference\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Round Table conference<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, it began to dwindle towards the end of 1932. It was officially withdrawn in May 1934.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Quit India Movement (1942)<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/quit-india-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Quit India Movement<\/b><\/a><b> (August Kranti Movement)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was the \u2018third great wave\u2019 of India\u2019s struggle for freedom, launched on August 8, 1942, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. This Gandhian Movement was more of a rejection of British rule than a traditional Satyagraha, and it influenced the unprecedented and tumultuous events that occurred in Indian history over the next five years.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was the result of Indian disillusionment with British rule, with the immediate causes being the failure of the Cripps mission and the hardships caused by World War II.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On August 8, 1942, the All India Congress Committee met at Gowalia Tank in Bombay and passed the famous Quit India Resolution.\u00a0 On the same day, Gandhi issued his 'Do or Die' call. It demanded an end to British rule in India with immediate effect, the formation of a provisional government after the war and the declaration of free India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As a result, major leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested and imprisoned without trial by British officials. However, the protests continued across the country with huge mass participation.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although it did not immediately achieve its goals, it contributed to the weakening of British rule and paved the way for the independence of India.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gandhian Movements UPSC PYQs<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><b>Q1:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Many voices had strengthened and enriched the nationalist movement during the Gandhian phase. Elaborate <\/span><b>(UPSC Mains 2019)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q2:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Throw light on the significance of the thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi in the present times. <\/span><b>(UPSC Mains 2018)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q3<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements: <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2019)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of \u2018indentured labour\u2019.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Lord Chelmsford\u2019s \u2018War Conference\u2019, Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Consequent upon the breaking of the Salt Law by the Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1 and 2 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1 and 3 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">2 and 3 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1, 2 and 3<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (b)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q4:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha? <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2018)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Active all-India participation of lawyers, students and women in the National Movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal communities of India in the National Movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joining of peasant unrest to India\u2019s National Movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation crops and commercial crops<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (c)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q5:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Quit India Movement was launched in response to <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2013)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cabinet Mission Plan<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cripps Proposals<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Simon Commission Report<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wavell Plan<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (b)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Other Related Posts<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/mahatma-gandhi-movements\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Mahatma Gandhi's Movements<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/ahmedabad-mill-strike\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Ahmedabad Mill Strike<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Satyagraha<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/kheda-satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Kheda Satyagraha<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/champaran-satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Champaran Satyagraha<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/vaikom-satyagraha\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Vaikom Satyagraha<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mahatma Gandhi&#8217;s arrival in India brought significant changes in the Indian Freedom Struggle. He returned to India in 1915 after spending more than 20 years in South Africa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,38],"tags":[152,40],"class_list":{"0":"post-2745","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-modern-history-notes","8":"category-upsc-notes","9":"tag-mahatma-gandhis-movements","10":"tag-quest"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2745"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18491,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745\/revisions\/18491"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}