{"id":2809,"date":"2026-08-28T17:07:28","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T11:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=2809"},"modified":"2026-08-28T18:06:40","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T12:36:40","slug":"swadeshi-movement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/swadeshi-movement\/","title":{"rendered":"Swadeshi Movement 1905, Leaders, Impacts, UPSC Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <\/span><b>Swadeshi Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, stands as a momentous chapter in India's relentless struggle for independence. It began around 1905 when the partition of Bengal was proposed, an event that catalysed this movement. This period marked a pivotal juncture in India's history, as the Swadeshi movement not only ignited a powerful nationalist sentiment but also nurtured a resolute spirit of self-reliance among the Indian populace.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">By using strategies like boycotts and Swadeshi goods, the movement aimed to challenge the dominance of British imperialism. At the same time, it worked towards nurturing and highlighting a unique Indian identity.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi Movement began as a radical response to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/partition-of-bengal-1905\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Partition of Bengal<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(1905) implemented by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/lord-curzon\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lord Curzon<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. While officially justified for administrative efficiency, the move was strategically intended to weaken the centre of Indian nationalism and divide Hindus and Muslims.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Reactionary Legislation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Curzon\u2019s administration passed several restrictive measures, including the <\/span><b>Calcutta Corporation Act (1899) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and the<\/span><b> Universities Act (1904)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which curbed local control and fueled extremist sentiments.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Rise of Extremism:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The perceived failure of Moderate methods to achieve major reforms led leaders like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/bal-gangadhar-tilak\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Bal Gangadhar Tilak<\/b><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/lala-lajpat-rai\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Lala Lajpat Rai<\/b> <\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">to advocate for Swaraj (complete independence) through bolder means.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Immediate Trigger:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The enforcement of partition on October 16, 1905, was observed as a day of mourning, catalyzing a nationwide political awakening. This background shifted the national struggle toward the <\/span><b>boycott of foreign goods<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the promotion of indigenous industries and National Education.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement and Boycott Movement History<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Boycott Movement was first proposed in <\/span><b>Krishnakumar Mitra\u2019s Sanjivani <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">on July 13, 1905, and was officially adopted at the <\/span><b>Calcutta Town Hall<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> meeting on <\/span><b>August 7, 1905,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as an economic and political weapon against the Bengal Partition. Supported by leaders like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/rabindranath-tagore\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Rabindranath Tagore<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and Ramendra Sunder Trivedi through symbolic observances of Raksha-Bandhan and Arandhan, the movement successfully transformed local anti-partition protests into a massive national non-cooperation struggle.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Foreign Goods Boycott:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Target items like <\/span><b>Manchester cloth <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><b>Liverpool salt<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> were publicly burned in bonfires; domestic boycott extended to foreign bangles, sugar, and utensils. <\/span><b>Swadeshi<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> encouraged citizens to buy locally made products as a patriotic duty and became synonymous with the nation's economic self-sufficiency.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Social Boycott:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Involved picketing shops and ostracizing consumers of foreign products; service providers like barbers and washermen frequently refused to serve those dealing in British goods.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Institutional Boycott: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Students abandoned government schools, triggering national education initiatives like<\/span><b> Bengal National College<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">; activists also boycotted colonial courts and administrative bodies.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Mass Mobilization:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Outfits like <\/span><b>Swadesh Bandhab Samiti<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> spread the movement to rural areas using traditional folk theater, festivals, etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cultural Mobilization:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Traditional folk theater and the mass singing of \"Vande Mataram\" were utilized to build community consensus against colonial authority.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Objectives<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The main aim of the Swadeshi movement, launched in 1905, was to achieve economic self-reliance and protest British colonial policies\u2014specifically the partition of Bengal\u2014by boycotting foreign goods and promoting Indian-made alternatives.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Boycott British Goods: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To harm the British economy, Indians avoided buying foreign products such as clothing, salt, and sugar.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Promote Indigenous Products:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The campaign urged people to purchase native goods, such as handspun cloth (Khadi) and items created in Indian factories.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Build Self-Reliance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Communities strived for Atma Shakti (self-power) by relying on local resources rather than imported goods.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Leaders<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement mobilized leaders across ideological and regional lines, using passive resistance, economic boycott, national education, and cultural symbols to unite the nation against British colonial rule.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Moderate Leaders:<\/b> <b>Surendranath Banerjea<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> organized early constitutional petitions, press campaigns, and public meetings against partition.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Extremist Leaders (Lal-Bal-Pal):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Bal Gangadhar Tilak led Maharashtra via Ganpati festivals; Bipin Chandra Pal galvanized Bengal through radical oratory; Lala Lajpat Rai spearheaded Punjab agitations.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Aurobindo Ghosh:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Formulated the ideology of passive resistance, self-reliance, and national education.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Rabindranath Tagore:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Tagore inspired the masses through patriotic songs (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amar Sonar Bangla<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) and organizing <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Raksha-Bandhan<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for unity.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Regional Leaders:<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>V. O. Chidambaram Pillai<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: He led the movement in the <\/span><b>Madras <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Presidency and launched the indigenous <\/span><b>Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company.<\/b><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Syed Haider Raza:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Raza popularized the boycott movement and resistance in <\/span><b>Delhi<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Ajit Singh:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> He co-led agrarian protests and nationalist campaigns in <\/span><b>Punjab<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Approach of Nationalists<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">During the Swadeshi Movement, Indian nationalists split into Moderates and Extremists, employing contrasting strategies, from constitutional petitions and constructive self-reliance to radical boycotts and passive mass resistance against British rule.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approach of Moderates<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Moderate leaders initially believed the British would reverse the Bengal partition if presented with logical arguments. They relied on constitutional methods and cautious agitation to express their opposition while maintaining faith in British justice.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Constitutional Agitation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Moderates criticised the partition scheme using petitions, prayers, and public meetings.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Constructive Swadeshi:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> They promoted self-help and self-reliance by setting up indigenous enterprises, nationalistic educational processes, and village uplift societies to connect rural and urban populations.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cautious Stance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Moderates remained careful not to escalate the agitation too far due to their belief in British administrative fairness.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approach of Extremists<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dissatisfied with moderate methods, extremists sought complete independence from colonial rule. Their approach included expanding the movement beyond simple economic boycott into a broader struggle against all forms of British influence and authority.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Ideology:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The extremists demanded <\/span><b>complete self-government (Swaraj)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by severing all British connections and eliminating imperial influences, moving beyond moderate demands for governance under British paramountcy.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Expanded Boycott:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> They passionately advocated for extending boycott strategies beyond foreign goods and schools into other administrative and social domains.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Media &amp; Propaganda:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Extremists used radical periodicals like <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">New India<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Bipin Chandra Pal), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bande Mataram<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Aurobindo Ghosh), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sandhya<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Brahmabandhav Upadhyaya), and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yugantar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Bhupendranath Dutta) to spread their message.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Indigenous Enterprise and Samitis<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nationalists established self-reliant Indian industries and organized volunteer organizations (samitis). These bodies promoted Swadeshi products, provided social service, and mobilized popular support across urban and rural communities.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Industrial Ventures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Exclusive Indian enterprises like Bengal Chemicals, Bengal Lakshmi Cotton Mills, Mohini Mills, and National Tannery were set up.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Volunteer Samitis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Bodies like the Dawn Society, Anti-Circular Society, Swadesh Bandhav, Brati, Anushilan, Suhrid, and Sadhana Samiti were forced to enforce boycott and Swadeshi principles.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Methods and Scope:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Samitis conducted famine\/epidemic relief, offered physical\/moral training, and utilized patriotic songs by Rabindranath Tagore and Rajanikanta Sen to reach rural areas.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Participation of People<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi Movement transformed India's nationalist struggle into a broad-based protest, mobilizing diverse social groups across urban and rural spheres through boycotts, cultural symbols, and economic self-reliance.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Women:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Women stepped out of domestic spheres for the first time to actively participate in public political life, picketing shops selling foreign goods and adopting local alternatives.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Working Class &amp; Artisans:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Workers organized strikes in foreign-owned mills and railways, while artisans actively revitalized domestic handloom industries and traditional crafts.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Urban Middle Class &amp; Zamindars:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Middle-class professionals and local landlords organized early petitions and public meetings, though some conservative elements retreated as the movement radicalized.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Rural Peasants:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Peasantry showed active participation in specific regions such as Bengal and deltaic Andhra (Vandemataram Movement), though overall rural involvement remained limited compared to urban centers.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Students:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Students served as the movement's core vanguard by picketing foreign cloth shops and boycotting government institutions.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In October 1905, Chief Secretary Carlyle issued the <\/span><b>Carlyle Circular<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, threatening to revoke government grants, scholarships, and affiliations from institutions whose students joined anti-partition protests.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This prompted leaders to build an independent educational system, establishing the <\/span><b>Bengal Technical Institute<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, district schools, and the <\/span><b>Bengal National College (1906) under Aurobindo Ghosh.<\/b><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Mobilisation Methods:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Activists mobilised the masses through public bonfires of foreign goods, promotion of indigenous enterprises (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Atmasakti<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">), and the strategic use of traditional festivals.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All-India Aspect of the Swadeshi Movement<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The call for Swadeshi and Swaraj resonated in other provinces of India too. Movements supporting Bengal's unity and boycotting foreign goods were organised in <\/span><b>Bombay, Madras, and northern India.<\/b> <b>Tilak <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">played a prominent role in spreading the Swadeshi movement across the country.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Suspension<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi Movement gradually declined as colonial repression intensified, organisational weaknesses emerged, leadership fractured, and its limited social reach prevented it from sustaining widespread mass mobilisation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Government Repression:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> By 1908, severe colonial repression, including arrests, deportations, censorship, and restrictions on political activities, had largely suppressed the movement\u2019s open phase.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Absence of Effective Leadership and Organisation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The movement failed to establish a strong and durable organisational structure. With several prominent leaders arrested or deported, it was increasingly deprived of effective leadership and direction.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustaining the intensity of a mass movement became difficult without coordinated leadership.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Internal Conflicts: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Differences in political ideology and strategy among nationalist leaders weakened unity within the movement. The growing conflict between the moderates and extremists further disrupted collective action and diminished its momentum.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Limited Social Reach: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite its widespread political impact, the movement did not adequately penetrate the peasantry and remained largely concentrated among the urban middle classes, students, professionals, and sections of the educated elite.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This limited its ability to develop into a sustained mass movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Impacts<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi movement had significant long-term economic and social consequences such as:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Growth of Local Industries: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It led to the<\/span><b> revival of domestic cottage industries <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><b>handicrafts, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">which were declining under British industrial policies favouring imported machine-made goods.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The production of indigenous textiles, soaps, matches, and other daily-use items received a boost.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi enterprises promoted <\/span><b>Indian entrepreneurship <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and<\/span><b> technical skills<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Socially, it inculcated a spirit of pride in<\/span><b> local products <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and<\/span><b> craftsmanship<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Mass Mobilisation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The involvement of <\/span><b>students, women, peasants, and artisans,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> along with the middle class, fostered wider participation that bridged urban-rural divides.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>New Methods of Protest: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While the Swadeshi agitation did not radically overturn British economic dominance, it laid the groundwork for the growth of an indigenous industrial and economic base aligned with national interests.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Nationalism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi movement was also <\/span><b>responsible for the spread of national ideas beyond the official and elite circles. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Several million Indians settled abroad also became involved in the movement, and a new generation of Indian politicians emerged.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Annulment of Partition of Bengal: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In response to growing opposition and administrative difficulties, the partition was annulled by <\/span><b>Lord Hardinge in 1911.<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The political capital sought by leaders in Bengal from Hinduism and Islam led to a widening gulf between the two major communities in the region.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">British authorities actively encouraged Muslim aristocrats, encouraging a distinct political identity that culminated in the formation of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/muslim-league\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Muslim League<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (1906).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement Evaluation<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Swadeshi movement, although not a full-fledged mass uprising, exhibited some secretive aspects and revealed certain weaknesses. However, it achieved significant success in terms of ideology, organisation, and political strategies.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It led to the beginning of the organised political movement in India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It marked a<\/span><b> total reversal of the earlier nationalist approach<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of \"petitioning and praying\" to the Raj for concessions, as well as a virtual rejection of the moderate political programme.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It set before the Indian people the goal of Swaraj or independence and committed them to the task of doing away with Britain's imperialist stranglehold over India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the pursuit of Swaraj, it advocated<\/span><b> \"passive resistance\"<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> or civil disobedience against British authority, placing constitutionalism in a secondary role.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Swadeshi Movement UPSC PYQs<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><b>Q1:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Consider the following statements: <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2023)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statement-I :<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">7th August is declared as the National Handloom Day.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statement-II :<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Movement was launched on the same day.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (a)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: With reference to the book \u2018Deshar Katha\u2019 written by Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar during the freedom struggle, consider the following statements: <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2020)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It warned against the Colonial State\u2019s hypnotic conquest of the mind.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It inspired the performance of Swadeshi street plays and folk songs.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The use of \u2018desh\u2019 by Deuskar was in the specific context of the region of Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) 1 and 2 only<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) 2 and 3 only<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) 1 and 3 only\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (a)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q3: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With reference to Swadeshi Movement, consider the following statements: <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2019)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It contributed to the revival of the indigenous artisan crafts and industries.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The National Council of Education was established as a part of the Swadeshi Movement.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) 1 only\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) 2 only\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) Both 1 and 2\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) Neither 1 nor 2<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (c)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q4: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u2018Swadeshi\u2019 and \u2018Boycott\u2019 were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2016)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) agitation against the Partition of Bengal<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) Home Rule Movement<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) Non-Cooperation Movement<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) Visit of the Simon Commission to India<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (a)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q5: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Partition of Bengal made by Lord Curzon in 1905 lasted until <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelim 2014)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) The First World War, when Indian troops were needed by the British and the partition was ended.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) King George V abrogated Curzon\u2019s Act at the Royal Durbar in Delhi in 1911<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) Gandhiji launched his Civil Disobedience Movement<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) The partition of India in 1947, when East Bengal became East Pakistan.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (b)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 60px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Other Related Posts<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/swadeshi-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Swadeshi movement<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/muslim-league\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Muslim League<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 10px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/partition-of-bengal-1905\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Partition of Bengal<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 10px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/hindu-mahasabha\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Hindu Mahasabha<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Swadeshi Movement was launched as a result of Bengal partition in 1905, involving different approaches of Moderates &#038; Extremist leaders. Check Boycott Movement Causes, Leaders, History, UPSC Notes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":15513,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,20],"tags":[40,140,1067],"class_list":["post-2809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-upsc-notes","category-upsc-modern-history-notes","tag-quest","tag-swadeshi-movement","tag-upsc-modern-history-notes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2809"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28504,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809\/revisions\/28504"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}