{"id":2980,"date":"2026-03-04T14:06:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T08:36:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=2980"},"modified":"2026-03-10T13:18:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T07:48:21","slug":"temple-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/temple-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"Temple Architecture in India, Types, Style, UPSC Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

The temple architecture in India has evolved over the ages as the style changed along with the changing dynasties and regions. It was in the\u00a0600\u2013750 A.D.\u00a0<\/strong>period that temple architecture crystallised into the\u00a0Nagara style\u00a0<\/strong>in the\u00a0north\u00a0<\/strong>and the\u00a0Dravida style<\/strong>\u00a0in the\u00a0south<\/strong>. A fusion between the Nagara and Dravida styles, which emerged in the Deccan, eventually matured into the\u00a0Vesara style<\/strong>\u00a0in the post-750 A.D. period. While the architecture of\u00a0Hindu temples<\/strong>\u00a0varies from region to region, the major components of a temple remain constant. These\u00a0components\u00a0<\/strong>are garbhagriha or the sanctum, mandapa, shikhara, and vaahan.<\/p>\r\n

The Basic Form of Temple Architecture in India<\/h2>\r\n

The basic form of the Hindu temple comprises the following:<\/p>\r\n

    \r\n\t
  • Garbhagriha (sanctum),<\/strong>\u00a0which was a small cubicle with a single entrance, grew into a larger chamber in time.\r\n\r\n
      \r\n\t
    • The garbhagriha is designed to house the\u00a0major icon,\u00a0<\/strong>which is the centre of much ceremonial attention.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Mandapa:<\/strong>\u00a0The entrance to the temple which may be a portico or\u00a0colonnaded hall\u00a0<\/strong>incorporates space for a large number of worshippers and is known as a mandapa.<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Shikhar:\u00a0<\/strong>Freestanding temples tend to have a mountain-like spire, which can take the shape of a\u00a0curving Shikhar<\/strong>\u00a0in North India, and a\u00a0pyramidal tower, called a vimana<\/strong>, in South India.<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Vahan:<\/strong>\u00a0The mount or vehicle of the\u00a0temple's principal deity<\/strong>, together with a typical pillar or dhvaj, is positioned axially before the shrine.<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Pradakshina Patha (Circumambulation):\u00a0<\/strong>Around the garbhagriha, there is a\u00a0circumambulatory path<\/strong>\u00a0called the pradakshina patha.<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Dvarpals:<\/strong>\u00a0Dvarpals are present in almost all the Hindu temples as well as in Buddhist and Jain temples in India. These semi-divine beings flank doors and entrances embodying the concept of door guardians found in these religions.\r\n\r\n
        \r\n\t
      • Examples:<\/strong>\u00a0Nagas, yakshas, Nandi, Chanda-Prachanda, the river goddesses Ganga and Yamuna and notable sages.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

        Types of Temple Architecture in India<\/h2>\r\n

        Based on geographical location and architectural style, Hindu temples can be characterised under three broad categories\u2014Nagara, Dravida, and Vesara style.<\/strong>The distinction can be made by comparing the elevation of the temple, the forms of the spire, and the plan of the temple.<\/p>\r\n

          \r\n\t
        • Nagara Style:<\/strong>\u00a0The style of temple architecture that became popular in\u00a0northern India\u00a0<\/strong>is known as nagara.\r\n\r\n
            \r\n\t
          • The Nagara style is not limited to a single time; it blossomed during the Gupta dynastyand continued to evolve throughout different regional kingdoms and empires that controlled northern India.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
          • Dravida Style:<\/strong>\u00a0The style of the temple with different forms and features is seen in the South and it is known as the Dravida style.\r\n\r\n
              \r\n\t
            • The Pallavaswere the pioneers of the Dravida style of architecture.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
            • Vesara Style:<\/strong>\u00a0The Vesara style of temples is a combination of both\u00a0Nagara\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0Dravida<\/strong>, its\u00a0superstructure is bell-shaped.<\/strong>\r\n
                \r\n\t
              • This style developed as a very florid architectural design in\u00a0Chalukya\u00a0<\/strong>(North & Central Karnataka),\u00a0Hoyasala\u00a0<\/strong>(South Karnataka), and\u00a0Kakatiya\u00a0<\/strong>(Hyderabad, Warangal, and surrounding districts) temples between the 7th and 13th centuries.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                Nagara Style<\/h2>\r\n

                The Nagara-style temple architecture is common in northern Indian temples, defined by the\u00a0Garbhagriha<\/strong>,\u00a0Shikhara\u00a0<\/strong>(Curvilinear Tower), and\u00a0Mandapa<\/strong>. In North India, temples are built generally on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. The plan of a Nagara-style temple is\u00a0four-sided.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                  \r\n\t
                • Shikhara:<\/strong>\u00a0While the earliest temples had just one tower or shikhara, later temples had several.\r\n\r\n
                    \r\n\t
                  • There are many subdivisions of Nagara temples depending on the shape of the shikhara i.e.,\u00a0Rekha-Prasad or Latina, Phamsana, and Valabhi.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                  • Garbhagriha:\u00a0<\/strong>The garbhagriha is always located directly under the tallest tower.<\/li>\r\n\t
                  • Jagati:<\/strong>\u00a0A Nagara temple generally rests on a high platform known as jagati over a small platform called\u00a0pitha<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n\t
                  • Adhisthana<\/strong>: Rising above this is a smaller platform, which forms the base for the construction of the superstructure of the temple.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                    Temples during the Gupta Period<\/h3>\r\n

                    At its peak in the 5th century, the Gupta Empire developed a broadly unified genre of temples.<\/p>\r\n

                      \r\n\t
                    • Material:\u00a0<\/strong>Gupta temples were made of\u00a0brick or stone,\u00a0<\/strong>with brick having taken the lead by the end of the Gupta period.<\/li>\r\n\t
                    • Decorative Elements:\u00a0<\/strong>Stone temples are extensively decorated with relief sculptures. All brick temples in the northern belt of Gupta influence are elaborately decorated with carved bricks and\u00a0terracotta plaques.\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
                        \r\n\t
                      • In eastern India, temples were initially decorated with\u00a0stucco<\/strong>, which was later replaced by terracotta.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                      • First Phase:\u00a0<\/strong>The earliest Gupta temples are modest, consisting of a square garbhagriha preceded by a\u00a0flat-roofed, small portico.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                      • Second phase<\/strong>: It is assignable to the second half of the\u00a05th century<\/strong>\u00a0and is characterised by a\u00a0jagati\u00a0<\/strong>and an elaboration of the superstructure, particularly a roofed\u00a0pradakshina\u00a0<\/strong>around the garbhagriha.\r\n\r\n
                          \r\n\t
                        • Examples:<\/strong>\u00a0Parvati temple at Nachna Kuthara and the Shiva temple at Bhumara.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                        • Third Phase:<\/strong>\u00a0It is distinguished by the presence of a\u00a0towering shikhara<\/strong>\u00a0over the garbhagriha.\r\n\r\n
                            \r\n\t
                          • Example:<\/strong>\u00a0The\u00a0stone temple at Deogarh<\/strong>\u00a0is a classic example of a late Gupta Period type of temple. This temple is in the\u00a0panchayatana style\u00a0<\/strong>of architecture where the main shrine is built on a rectangular plinth with four smaller subsidiary shrines at the four corners (making it a total number of five shrines, hence the name,\u00a0panchayatana<\/strong>).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                          • Bhitargaon temple of Uttar Pradesh\u00a0<\/strong>(contains the earliest version of the true arch in India) is a brick temple. Its shikhara, of a triratha plan, is one of the earliest examples of the Nagara style.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                            Temples of Khajuraho<\/h3>\r\n

                            The Khajuraho group of temples was built during the reign of the\u00a0Chandelas\u00a0<\/strong>between 900 CE to 1130 CE. These temples are\u00a0free-standing<\/strong>\u00a0as they are not enclosed within a wall.<\/p>\r\n

                              \r\n\t
                            • The most important characteristic feature of the Khajuraho temples is the balconied windows with sloping\u00a0sunshades\u00a0<\/strong>or\u00a0chhajjas<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n\t
                            • Typical Nagara style and the largest temples in Khajuraho are the\u00a0Kandariya-Mahadeva, Lakshmana, and Visvanatha temples.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                            • These temples have one main shrine and four subsidiary smaller shrines at its four corners standing on the same platform and they are called\u00a0panchayatana temples.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                            • Each compartment or mandapa has its own shikhara. The grabha-griha of these temples is of sandhara type (without pradikshinapatha), with a plan called\u00a0\u201cLatin Cross\u201d.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                            • Khajuraho\u2019s temples are also known for their extensive\u00a0erotic sculptures.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                              Temples of Orissa<\/h3>\r\n

                              In the 7th century A.D., Orissa emerged as a major centre of art and architecture, giving rise to a distinct regional style.<\/p>\r\n

                                \r\n\t
                              • Duel (Shikhara):<\/strong>\u00a0In general, here the shikhara, called\u00a0deul\u00a0<\/strong>in Odisha, is vertical almost until the top when it suddenly curves sharply inwards.\r\n\r\n
                                  \r\n\t
                                • The main architectural features of Odisha temples are classified in three orders -\u00a0rekhapida, pidhadeul, and khakra.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                • Mandapa:\u00a0<\/strong>The mandapa is called a\u00a0jagamohana<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                • Other features:\u00a0<\/strong>Compartments and niches are generally square, the exterior of the temples are lavishly carved, and the temples have boundary walls.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                • Example:\u00a0<\/strong>Sun temple at Konark, constructed in the middle of the thirteenth century.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                  Temples of Gujarat<\/h3>\r\n

                                  The Sun temple at Modhera is the best example of Nagara temple in Gujarat.<\/p>\r\n

                                    \r\n\t
                                  • It was built by\u00a0Raja Bhimdev I<\/strong>\u00a0of the\u00a0Solanki Dynasty\u00a0<\/strong>in 1026.\r\n\r\n
                                      \r\n\t
                                    • In front of it is a huge rectangular stepping tank known as the Surya Kund.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                    • A huge ornamental arch-torana leads one to the\u00a0sabha mandapa<\/strong>\u00a0which is open on all sides.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                    • The elaborate carving and sculptural work reflect the\u00a0Gujarati woodcarving tradition.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                      Dravidian Style<\/h2>\r\n

                                      The Dravidian style of temple architecture flourished in south India from the 8th century to the 13-14th century A.D.<\/p>\r\n

                                        \r\n\t
                                      • Features:\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
                                          \r\n\t
                                        • Vimana:\u00a0<\/strong>In this style superstructure is a\u00a0stepped vimana<\/strong>\u00a0of six or eight sides with a round stupi (well-fashioned boulder) at its top.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                        • Shikhara:<\/strong>\u00a0The Dravida temple has pyramidal shikhara, which consists of progressively smaller storeys.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                        • Gopurams:\u00a0<\/strong>In a later stage, temples came to be marked by\u00a0huge gateways\u00a0<\/strong>known as gopurams and by pillared halls and corridors.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                        • Garbhagriha:\u00a0<\/strong>The\u00a0square<\/strong>\u00a0inner sanctum is located within a massive covered enclosure.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                        • The temple is enclosed within a\u00a0compound wall.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                        • The earliest evidence of such features dates back to the Gupta period and is not limited to the far south; for example, they can be found in northern and central India, as well as the\u00a0Deccan<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                          Pallava temples<\/h3>\r\n

                                          The\u00a0Pallava dynasty<\/strong>\u00a0held sway over\u00a0Andhra Pradesh<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0northern Tamil Nadu<\/strong>\u00a0between the 6th and 9th centuries A.D. At\u00a0Mamallapuram<\/strong>, a pre-eminent Pallava cultural centre in Tamil Nadu, there are granite monuments of four distinct types. The two are most important, first,\u00a0rock-cut monolithic shrines<\/strong>\u00a0created out of single boulders of granite and second, structural temples built by\u00a0piling stone<\/strong>\u00a0upon stone.<\/p>\r\n

                                            \r\n\t
                                          • Pancha-Rathas at Mamallapuram: A group of five rock-cut shrines are located at the southern end of Mamallapuram. Four of them are named after the five Pandava heroes of the Mahabharata.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                          • The complex was initially thought to have been carved during the reign of\u00a0Narasimhavarman I\u00a0<\/strong>(630\u2013668 CE.) However, historians such as Nagaswamy attributed all of the monuments in Mahabalipuram to\u00a0Narasimhavarman II\u00a0<\/strong>(690\u2013725 CE).<\/li>\r\n\t
                                          • Shore Temple at Mamallapuram and Kailashanatha Temple at Kanchipuram:\u00a0<\/strong>Built by Narasimhavarman II.\r\n\r\n
                                              \r\n\t
                                            • Shore Temple:<\/strong>\u00a0It consists of three separate worship areas, and there is a circumambulatory passage around the shrine.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                            • Kailashanatha Temple:\u00a0<\/strong>Enclosed within a rectangular courtyard wall, the complex consists of the main temple and a series of\u00a0miniature shrines.\u00a0<\/strong>The main sandstone shrine, which has a separate hall and a\u00a0pyramidal shikhara,<\/strong>\u00a0is a full-fledged Dravidian temple.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                              Temples of Cholas<\/h3>\r\n

                                              The Cholascontinued and developed the art tradition of the Pallavas and the Pandyas, whom they succeeded.<\/p>\r\n

                                                \r\n\t
                                              • The chief feature of a Chola temple<\/strong>\u00a0is the vimana or the tower which was later eclipsed by the richly ornamented gopuram or gateway.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                              • Chola temples are considered in three phases.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                              • First Phase:<\/strong>\u00a0The early Chola temples have square vimana with ardha-mandapa in the front and eight sub-shrines known as asta-parivaralya.\r\n\r\n
                                                  \r\n\t
                                                • Examples:<\/strong>\u00a0Sundaresvara, Vijayalaya, Colesvaram, and the Koranganatha.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                • Second phase:<\/strong>\u00a0The architecture reached its zenith under the ruler Rajaraja I and his son Rajendra I. The temples were decorated with\u00a0exquisite sculptural ornamentation.<\/strong>\r\n
                                                    \r\n\t
                                                  • Example:<\/strong>\u00a0The Brihadisvara temple at Thanjavur was built of large granite stones. It has the tallest\u00a0vimana\u00a0<\/strong>of 66m through sixteen storeys.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                  • Third phase:<\/strong>\u00a0In this phase, additional pillared\u00a0mandapas\u00a0<\/strong>were built within the temple complex. Some of them are in the shape of a ratha or wheeled chariot drawn by elephants and horses.\r\n\r\n
                                                      \r\n\t
                                                    • Example:<\/strong>\u00a0Airavatesvara temple at Darasuram.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                                      Vesara Style<\/h2>\r\n

                                                      This style of temple architecture mainly evolved, practised, and developed by the influence of the\u00a0Chalukyas of Kalyani.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                                                        \r\n\t
                                                      • Vimana:<\/strong>\u00a0In the beginning had flat or slightly inclined rooftops while during later phases, a tower-like structure (Vimana) appeared.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                      • Mandapa:\u00a0<\/strong>Pillared Mantapa was added to the\u00a0four-walled Garbhagriha.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                                      • Towers:<\/strong>\u00a0Transformation of the Dravida towers by reducing the height of every floor and arranging them in a declining sequence of height from base to top.\r\n\r\n
                                                          \r\n\t
                                                        • Additional adjustments include the vertical shape of the tower rather than an inclined storey as in the\u00a0Nagara tower.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                                          Temples of Western Chalukyas<\/h3>\r\n

                                                          There is great diversity among the structural temple forms of the Chalukyas of Kalyani.\u00a0<\/strong>They are created by\u00a0piling large blocks of stone<\/strong>. The joints between different units of a structure are visible.<\/p>\r\n

                                                            \r\n\t
                                                          • Mandapa:<\/strong>\u00a0The interiors of mandapas are frequently carved with rich ceiling panels.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                          • Ornamentation<\/strong>: Walls of larger temples are embellished with vyala motifs and sometimes other\u00a0floral\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0figural motifs.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                                          • The shape of the temple:\u00a0<\/strong>The Chalukyan pillars are square and heavy, without a base.\r\n\r\n
                                                              \r\n\t
                                                            • They are decorated with mithunas, yakshinis and river goddesses Ganga and Yamuna.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                            • Sculptural Decoration:<\/strong>\u00a0On the whole, sculptural decoration plays a much greater role in carrying out the programme of the temple than it did in the Gupta and immediatelypost-Gupta\u00a0monuments.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                                            • Examples:<\/strong>\u00a0Meguti temple at Aihole, Durga temple at Aihole, Lad Khan temple at Aihole and Virupaksha temple at Pattadakal.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                                              Rashtrakutas<\/h3>\r\n

                                                              The Rashtrakutasbuilt rock-cut shrines and temples at\u00a0Ajanta, Ellora<\/strong>, and Aurangabad. Elephanta Cave is also a Rashtrakuta contribution.<\/p>\r\n

                                                                \r\n\t
                                                              • Kailasha temple at Ellora<\/strong>: The colossal and richly carved Kailasha temple complex at Ellora was constructed during the reign of\u00a0Krishna I (757\u201383 CE)\u00a0<\/strong>of the\u00a0Rashtrakuta\u00a0<\/strong>dynasty.\r\n\r\n
                                                                  \r\n\t
                                                                • This is the largest rock-cut monument in India and marks the culmination of rock architecture in South Asia.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                                                  Temples of Hoysalas<\/h3>\r\n

                                                                  The Hoysalasruled over the Mysore plateau in the 12th and 13th centuries.<\/p>\r\n

                                                                    \r\n\t
                                                                  • Star-Shaped Temples:<\/strong>\u00a0Their temples are extremely complex with so many\u00a0projecting angles<\/strong>\u00a0emerging from the previously straightforward square temple, that the plan of these temples starts looking like a star, and is thus known as a\u00a0stellate-plan.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                  • Use of soft stone:\u00a0<\/strong>Since they are made out of soapstone which is a relatively soft stone, the artists were able to carve their sculptures intricately.\r\n\r\n
                                                                      \r\n\t
                                                                    • This can be seen particularly in the\u00a0jewellery of the gods<\/strong>\u00a0that adorn their temple walls.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                    • Example:\u00a0<\/strong>The\u00a0Hoysaleshvara temple<\/strong>\u00a0(Lord of the Hoysalas) at Halebid in Karnataka was built in dark schist stone by the Hoysala king in 1150.<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                    • Usually, these temples stand in an enclosure with a usual garbha-griha fronted by an antrala and a pillared mandapa known as\u00a0navrang\/gudha-mandapa.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

                                                                      Temple Architecture UPSC PYQs<\/h2>\r\n

                                                                      Question 1:\u00a0<\/strong>The Nagara, the Dravida, and the Vesara are the\u00a0(UPSC Prelims 2012)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                                                                        \r\n\t
                                                                      1. three main racial groups of the Indian subcontinent<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                      2. three main linguistic divisions into which the languages of India can be classified<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                      3. three main styles of Indian temple architecture<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                      4. three main musical Gharanas prevalent in India<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                                                                        Answer: (c)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                                                                        Question 2:\u00a0<\/strong>Building \u2018Kalyaana Mandapas\u2019 was a notable feature in the temple construction in the kingdom of\u00a0(UPSC Prelims 2019)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                                                                          \r\n\t
                                                                        1. Chalukya<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                        2. Chandela<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                        3. Rashtrakuta<\/li>\r\n\t
                                                                        4. Vijayanagara<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

                                                                          Answer: (d)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

                                                                          Question 2:\u00a0<\/strong>Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss.\u00a0(UPSC Mains 2013)<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                          The temple architecture in India can be characterised under three broad categories\u2014Nagara, Dravida, and Vesara styles. The major components of a temple are garbhagriha or the sanctum, mandapa, shikhara, and vaahan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3237,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[40,176],"class_list":{"0":"post-2980","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-notes","8":"tag-quest","9":"tag-temple-architecture-in-india"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2980"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2980\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19690,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2980\/revisions\/19690"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}