{"id":31521,"date":"2026-10-30T18:00:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-30T12:30:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=31521"},"modified":"2026-10-30T18:00:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-30T12:30:55","slug":"multidimensional-poverty-index","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/multidimensional-poverty-index\/","title":{"rendered":"Multidimensional Poverty Index, Meaning, Objectives, Indicators"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) measures poverty beyond income by identifying overlapping deprivations in health, education and living standards. The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026, released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), presents estimates for 108 developing countries.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Multidimensional Poverty Index reports that approximately 1.2 billion people across these countries experience acute multidimensional poverty. India\u2019s latest MPI estimate in this release is based on household survey data from 2019\u20132021, not data collected in 2026. The index helps policymakers identify the nature of deprivation and design targeted interventions to improve people\u2019s living conditions.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) Meaning<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Multidimensional Poverty Index is a measure of acute poverty that identifies people experiencing multiple, overlapping disadvantages in essential areas of human development rather than relying solely on income.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The global MPI was introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report. Since 2018, the Human Development Report Office (HDRO) and OPHI have jointly produced and published its estimates.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unlike monetary poverty measures, which focus on whether people\u2019s income or consumption falls below a specified poverty line, the MPI examines whether people face simultaneous deprivations in health, education and standard of living.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The index helps governments and development institutions understand not only how many people are poor but also the intensity and composition of their deprivation. It complements income-based poverty measures and supports evidence-based policymaking.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) Calculation<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is calculated using the Alkire\u2013Foster methodology, which identifies people experiencing overlapping deprivations across health, education and standard of living.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The methodology involves identifying the specific disadvantages faced by each person, assigning weights to the indicators, and calculating a deprivation score for each household.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">People with a weighted deprivation score of at least one-third are classified as multidimensionally poor under the global MPI framework.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\">\r\n<p><b>MPI = H \u00d7 A<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;text-align: justify\"><b>H \u2013 Headcount ratio:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The proportion of the population classified as multidimensionally poor.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;text-align: justify\"><b>A \u2013 Intensity of poverty:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The average weighted share of deprivations experienced by multidimensionally poor people.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, if 20% of a population is multidimensionally poor and the average intensity of their deprivation is 40%, the MPI is 0.080.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A higher MPI value indicates greater multidimensional poverty. The index ranges from 0 to 1.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index Objectives<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The MPI aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of poverty by identifying the specific disadvantages that prevent people from achieving adequate living standards and human development. Its major objectives include:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Measuring poverty beyond income:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Identifies deprivation in health, education and living standards, even when income-based measures do not classify a person as poor.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Identifying overlapping disadvantages<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Recognises that a household may simultaneously experience inadequate nutrition, limited education and poor housing.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Supporting targeted policymaking:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Helps governments identify which dimensions contribute most to poverty and direct resources accordingly.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Monitoring development progress<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Enables countries to assess changes in multidimensional poverty over time where comparable survey data are available.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Supporting the <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/sustainable-development-goals\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Sustainable Development Goals<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Contributes to monitoring SDG 1, particularly Target 1.2, which calls for reducing poverty in all its forms and dimensions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Highlighting vulnerable groups<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Helps analyse poverty across population groups and geographical areas, including rural and urban communities.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Improving accountability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Provides a measurable framework for evaluating whether development interventions are reducing deprivation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index Indicators<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The global Multidimensional Poverty Index uses 10 indicators across three equally weighted dimensions \u2013 health, education and standard of living \u2013 to identify overlapping deprivation within households. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The three dimensions carry equal overall weight, while each individual indicator receives a specific weight within its dimension. The indicators are calculated using data from the same household survey for each country.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Health: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Health accounts for one-third of the overall MPI weight and includes two indicators.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Nutrition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: A household is considered deprived when a person covered by the indicator\u2019s definition is undernourished.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Child mortality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: A household is deprived if a child under 18 has died in the family during the five years preceding the survey.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each health indicator carries a weight of 1\/6.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Education<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Education also accounts for one-third of the overall MPI weight and measures access to schooling and educational attainment.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Years of schooling:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A household is deprived if no eligible household member has completed at least six years of schooling.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>School attendance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: A household is deprived if a school-aged child is not attending school up to the age at which they would complete class eight.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each education indicator carries a weight of 1\/6.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Standard of Living<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Standard of living accounts for one-third of the MPI weight and includes six indicators.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cooking fuel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Deprivation occurs when a household cooks using fuels such as dung, wood, charcoal or coal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Sanitation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A household is deprived if its sanitation facility is unimproved or an improved facility is shared with other households.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Drinking water<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Deprivation occurs when the household lacks improved drinking water or must travel at least 30 minutes for a round trip to obtain it.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Electricity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: A household is deprived if it has no electricity.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Housing:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Deprivation occurs when housing materials are inadequate, including natural flooring or rudimentary roof or wall materials.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Assets:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A household is deprived if it lacks more than one specified asset and does not own a car or truck.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Each standard-of-living indicator carries a weight of 1\/18.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31529 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151844\/MPI-1.png\" alt=\"Multidimensional Poverty Index\" width=\"855\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151844\/MPI-1.png 1422w, https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151844\/MPI-1-768x597.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index Poverty Classification<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The global MPI classifies people according to their weighted deprivation scores.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Multidimensionally poor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Deprivation score of one-third or more.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Vulnerable to multidimensional poverty<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Deprivation score of at least one-fifth but below one-third.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Severe multidimensional poverty: Deprivation score of one-half or more.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31530 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151943\/MPI-2.png\" alt=\"Multidimensional Poverty Index\" width=\"841\" height=\"418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151943\/MPI-2.png 1779w, https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151943\/MPI-2-768x382.png 768w, https:\/\/vajiramias.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp\/upsc-exam\/2026\/10\/30151943\/MPI-2-1536x763.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 841px) 100vw, 841px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 Key Findings<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 2026 global Multidimensional Poverty Index update highlights the continuing scale of multidimensional poverty, its disproportionate impact on children and rural populations, and the possibility of reducing deprivation through sustained policy action. According to UNDP\u2019s 2026 report,<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">108 developing countries are covered by the global MPI.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approximately 1.2 billion people, or 18.9% of the combined population of 6.3 billion across the countries covered, live in acute multidimensional poverty.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Around 617 million poor people are children, representing 51.5% of the global multidimensionally poor population.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">More than eight in ten multidimensionally poor people live in rural areas.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sub-Saharan Africa has approximately 616 million multidimensionally poor people, representing 51.4% of its population.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among 89 countries with MPI trend data, 33 have reduced their MPI value by half in fewer than 15 years.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global multidimensional poverty has increased for the first time since 2010.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 India Findings<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s MPI profile in the 2026 release shows that multidimensional poverty remains a significant development concern, while also highlighting the importance of examining deprivation across health, education and living standards.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The India briefing uses the most recent publicly available household survey data for the global MPI calculation, which refers to 2019\u20132021.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The year 2026 refers to the publication of the report, not the collection year of India\u2019s underlying survey data.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 Score, Rank and Key Findings<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s MPI value is 0.069, with a multidimensional poverty headcount of 16.4% and an intensity of deprivation of 42.0%. The 2026 global MPI tables do not assign countries a single ordinal MPI rank, so an official global rank should not be inferred from the score. The key findings for India are:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Multidimensional Poverty Index value:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 0.069.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Multidimensional poverty headcount<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: 16.4%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Intensity of deprivation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: 42.0%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Population vulnerable to multidimensional poverty<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: 18.7%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Population living in severe multidimensional poverty<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: 4.2%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Estimated multidimensionally poor population in 2024<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: approximately 237.85 million.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Estimated population vulnerable to multidimensional poverty in 2024<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: approximately 271.14 million.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Monetary poverty below the international PPP US$3-per-day line:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 5.3%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The India briefing estimates that multidimensional poverty affects a larger share of the population than monetary poverty.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Its headcount is 11.1 percentage points higher than the monetary poverty rate shown in the briefing. This demonstrates why income-based measures alone cannot capture all forms of deprivation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Contribution of Different Dimensions to India\u2019s MPI<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The contribution of each dimension indicates its share in India\u2019s overall multidimensional poverty, helping identify areas where policy interventions may have a substantial impact.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Standard of living \u2013 39.7%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: This is the largest contribution to India\u2019s MPI, highlighting the continuing importance of housing, sanitation, clean cooking fuel, drinking water, electricity and household assets.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Health \u2013 32.2%:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Health-related deprivation remains a major contributor, including disadvantages reflected through nutrition and child mortality.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Education \u2013 28.2%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Educational deprivation contributes more than one-quarter of India\u2019s MPI, underscoring the importance of schooling access and educational attainment.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s MPI Compared with Neighbouring Countries\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>India and Bangladesh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Bangladesh\u2019s MPI value is 0.067, slightly below India\u2019s 0.069. Its multidimensional poverty headcount is also lower, at 14.9%, compared with India\u2019s 16.4%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>India and Pakistan: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pakistan records an MPI value of 0.198, substantially higher than India\u2019s 0.069. Its multidimensional poverty headcount is 38.3%, compared with 16.4% in India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>India and Bhutan:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Bhutan\u2019s MPI value is 0.039, lower than India\u2019s 0.069. Its multidimensional poverty headcount is 9.8%, compared with India\u2019s 16.4%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>India and Sri Lanka<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Sri Lanka\u2019s MPI value is 0.011, with a multidimensional poverty headcount of 2.9% and an intensity of 38.3%.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index and Challenges Associated with India<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">India\u2019s MPI findings highlight persistent challenges in living standards, health and education, requiring coordinated interventions that address the root causes of deprivation across different communities.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Deprivation in Living Standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Standard of living contributes 39.7% to India\u2019s overall Multidimensional Poverty Index, making it the largest contributing dimension in the 2026 country profile. Inadequate housing, sanitation, clean cooking fuel, drinking water and household assets can reinforce other forms of deprivation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Health and Nutrition Gaps<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Health contributes 32.2% to India\u2019s MPI. Undernutrition and child mortality are among the indicators used by the global Multidimensional Poverty Index to identify deprivation.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Improving access to healthcare, nutrition services and maternal and child health support remains important for reducing multidimensional poverty.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Educational Deprivation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Education contributes 28.2% to India\u2019s overall MPI. Inadequate years of schooling and irregular school attendance can limit employment opportunities and reinforce intergenerational poverty.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Improving school access, retention and learning outcomes is therefore essential.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Rural\u2013Urban and Regional Disparities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Poverty is not distributed evenly across geographical areas or population groups.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Remote rural communities, underserved settlements and disadvantaged regions may face multiple barriers to public services, <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/infrastructure\/\" target=\"_blank\">infrastructure<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and livelihood opportunities. National averages can conceal these local differences.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Vulnerability to Falling Back into Poverty<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: The India profile classifies 18.7% of the population as vulnerable to the multidimensional poverty index. Households close to the poverty threshold may be at risk of experiencing additional deprivation when they face income loss, illness, natural disasters or rising essential expenses.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Limitations of Income-Based Poverty Measures<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: India\u2019s MPI headcount is 16.4%, while the monetary poverty figure shown in the 2026 briefing is 5.3% using the international PPP US$3-per-day line.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The difference demonstrates that income measures alone may not capture deprivation in health, education and living standards.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Data and Monitoring Challenges<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Multidimensional Poverty Index estimates depend on household surveys that measure the required indicators together. Differences in survey years can complicate comparisons between countries and periods.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regular, reliable and disaggregated data are necessary to monitor progress and identify communities that continue to experience overlapping disadvantages.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index Way Forward for India<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reducing multidimensional poverty requires integrated policies that improve essential services, strengthen livelihoods and use reliable data to identify households experiencing overlapping forms of deprivation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Strengthen Essential Public Services<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Improve the reliability and quality of drinking water, sanitation, electricity, housing and clean cooking fuel services. Infrastructure programmes should focus not only on providing connections but also on ensuring sustained access, affordability and service quality.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Improve Healthcare and Nutrition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Strengthen primary healthcare, maternal and child health services, nutrition interventions and early identification of undernutrition. Better coordination between healthcare providers, nutrition programmes and local administrations can help address health-related deprivation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Improve Educational Access and Learning<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Prioritise school attendance, retention, foundational literacy and numeracy, and the completion of essential years of schooling. Targeted support for disadvantaged children can help reduce educational deprivation and its long-term effects.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Use Disaggregated MPI Data<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Analyse poverty by state, district, rural and urban location, age and other relevant characteristics wherever reliable data permit. Localised analysis can help authorities identify the particular indicators responsible for deprivation and design more targeted interventions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Promote Sustainable Livelihoods: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Expand access to productive employment, skills development, rural livelihoods and opportunities for women. Stable incomes can improve households\u2019 ability to invest in education, healthcare, nutrition and adequate housing, complementing direct public-service interventions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multidimensional Poverty Index UPSC PYQs<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Q1. Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):<\/span><b> (UPSC Prelims 2026)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of\u00a0 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(a) 1 and 2 only\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(b) 1, 2 and 3\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(c) 1 and 3 only\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(d) 2 only<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (a)<\/b><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 is released by the United Nations Development Programme and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative. Read about its global and Indian findings.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":31549,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,28],"tags":[2174,40,634],"class_list":["post-31521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-upsc-notes","category-upsc-social-justice-notes","tag-multidimensional-poverty-index","tag-quest","tag-upsc-social-justice-notes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31521"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31560,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31521\/revisions\/31560"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}