{"id":3618,"date":"2026-08-18T12:03:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T06:33:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=3618"},"modified":"2026-08-18T13:27:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T07:57:26","slug":"battle-of-buxar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/battle-of-buxar\/","title":{"rendered":"Battle of Buxar 1764, Causes, History, Impact, Consequences"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <\/span><b>Battle of Buxar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (1764) was one of the most important battles in the history of British expansion in India. It established the military and political supremacy of the British East India Company in eastern India and paved the way for its control over the revenue administration of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <strong>Battle of Buxar<\/strong> was fought between the forces of the British East India Company and a combined army associated with Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. The Company forces were commanded by Major Hector Munro. The battle ended in a decisive British victory. Unlike the Battle of Plassey, where political conspiracy and betrayal played a major role, Buxar was a major pitched military confrontation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar 1764 About<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar was a major conflict between the British East India Company and a combined alliance of Indian rulers. It was fought near Buxar, in present-day Bihar, on the banks of the Ganga River.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Battle of Buxar Date: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar date was 22 October 1764. Some historical accounts describe military engagements around 22\u201323 October, but 22 October 1764 is generally accepted as the date of the decisive battle.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Parties: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar was fought between the British East India Company and the combined forces of three Indian powers: Mir Qasim, the former Nawab of Bengal; Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh; and Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Rise of Company as a Military Power: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The battle demonstrated that the Company was no longer merely a trading organisation. It had become a strong military and political power capable of defeating major Indian rulers and influencing the Mughal Empire.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Background<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The background of the Battle of Buxar lies in the growing conflict between the East India Company and Mir Qasim, who had become Nawab of Bengal after Mir Jafar.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company initially supported Mir Qasim because it expected him to protect its commercial privileges. However, Mir Qasim soon attempted to strengthen Bengal\u2019s administration, increase state revenue, modernise his army, and reduce British interference.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">His independent policies brought him into direct conflict with the East India Company. The dispute gradually developed into a larger struggle involving Bengal, Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Causes<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The major causes of the Battle of Buxar were connected with the Company\u2019s misuse of trade privileges and Mir Qasim\u2019s efforts to defend the autonomy of Bengal.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Mir Kasim\u2019s Assertion: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ram Narayan, the deputy governor of Bihar, refused to submit the accounts of Bihar's revenues despite repeated requests from Mir Kasim. This open defiance of Mir Kasim's authority led to tensions.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Furthermore, English officials in Patna supported Ram Narayan, exacerbating the situation.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Misuse of Dastaks: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company officials also misused their trade permits, known as dastaks, which <\/span>exempted<b> specified goods <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">from paying duties.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Th\u0435 misus\u0435 of dastaks r\u0435sult\u0435d in r\u0435duc\u0435d tax r\u0435v\u0435nu\u0435 for Mir Kasim and unfair advantag\u0435s for Company m\u0435rchants ov\u0435r local trad\u0435rs.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company had obtained the<\/span><b> right to trade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Bengal without paying transit dues or tolls through a Mughal imperial farman.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However,<\/span><b> Company servants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> claimed the same privileges for their private trade and sold dastaks to Indian merchants for a commission.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They also resorted to <\/span><b>coercive methods<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to obtain goods at cheaper rates, which contradicted the spirit of duty-free trade.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Abolition of Duties: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mir Kasim decided to abolish the duties altogether, but the <\/span><b>British protested <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and demanded preferential treatment. Th\u0435 disput\u0435 ov\u0435r transit duti\u0435s \u0435scalat\u0435d into arm\u0435d conflict, l\u0435ading to wars b\u0435tw\u0435\u0435n th\u0435 English and Mir Kasim in 1763.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Alliance Against the Company: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mir Qasim joined hands with Shuja-ud-Daula and Shah Alam II to challenge the growing power of the Company.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thus, the immediate conflict between Mir Qasim and the Company developed into a wider struggle involving Bengal, Awadh and the Mughal Empire.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Course of the Battle of Buxar<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p>The Battle of Buxar was led by Major Hector Munro on behalf of the British East India Company. The Indian alliance included: Mir Qasim, former Nawab of Bengal; Shuja-ud-Daula, Nawab of Awadh; and Shah Alam II of the <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/mughal-empire\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mughal Empire<\/a>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The allied forces faced the British East India Company\u2019s army at Buxar on 22 October 1764.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Battle: <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company army had greater discipline, training, and battlefield coordination. <\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula, and Shah Alam II were unable to maintain effective unity during the battle. The Company defeated the alliance decisively.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Post-Battle: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the battle, Mir Qasim fled and later disappeared from the political scene. Shuja-ud-Daula surrendered to the Company. Shah Alam II entered into negotiations with the Company.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The British victory turned the East India Company into the dominant military power in eastern and northern India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Consequences<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The<\/span><b> Battle of Buxar <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">stands as a monumental turning point in Indian history. Its true significance lies in the fact that the British East India Company defeated not only the Nawab of Bengal but also the Mughal Emperor of India and the Nawab of Awadh. This decisive victory established the English as a major military power in northern India and prime contenders for total supremacy over the entire subcontinent.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>English as a Major Power: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The English victory established them as a major power in northern India and contenders for supremacy<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">over the entire country.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Mir Jafar Reappointed as Nawab: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Following the battle, Mir Jafar was reappointed Nawab in 1763 as the relations between Mir Kasim and the English East India Company became strained.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He agr\u0435\u0435d to c\u0435d\u0435 th\u0435 districts of Midnapor\u0435, Burdwan, and Chittagong to th\u0435 English for th\u0435 maint\u0435nanc\u0435 of th\u0435ir army.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The English were also granted permission for<\/span><b> duty-free trade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Bengal, except for a two per cent duty on salt.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>Real Power with English: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the death of Mir Jafar, his minor son, <\/span><b>Najim-ud-daula<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, was appointed as the nawab, but the real power of administration remained in the hands of the <\/span><b>naib-subahdar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, who could be appointed or dismissed by the English.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Treaty of Allahabad 1765<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Treaty of Allahabad was signed between <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/robert-clive\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Robert Clive<\/b><\/a><b>,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> representing the British East India Company, separately with two parties: the <\/span><b>Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the Nawab of Awadh,<\/span><b> Shuja-ud-Daulah<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, in <\/span><b>August 1765<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Treaty with Nawab Shuja-ud-Daulah:<\/b><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Territorial Losses: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Nawab surrendered Allahabad and Kara to Emperor <\/span><b>Shah Alam II.<\/b><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>War Indemnity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> He agreed to pay Rs. 50 lakh to the Company as war indemnity.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Estate Grants:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Nawab granted full possession of the estate of <\/span><b>Balwant Singh, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zamindar of Banaras.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Treaty with Shah Alam II:<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Residency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: He agreed to reside in Allahabad, which would be ceded to him by Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula under the <\/span><b>Company's protection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Grant of Diwani Rights:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Emperor issued an official <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">farman<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> granting the <\/span><b>Diwani<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (revenue collection rights) of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to the East India Company in exchange for an annual payment of Rs. 26 lakh.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Nizamat Funds:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Emperor allocated Rs. 53 lakh to the Company for <\/span><b>Nizamat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> functions (military defense, police, and administration of justice).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Robert Clive\u2019s tactics:<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He intended to <\/span><b>avoid annexing Awadh<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, as it would have made the Company responsible for protecting an extensive land frontier against<\/span><b> Afghan and<\/b><b> Maratha <\/b><b>invasions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The treaty established a<\/span><b> friendly relationship <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">with the Nawab and transformed Awadh into a buffer state.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clive's arrangement with Shah Alam II served practical purposes, making the emperor a <\/span><b>useful figurehead<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the Company.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, the emperor's farman<\/span><b> legalised the political gains <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">of the Company in Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Dual Government of Bengal<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the Battle of Buxar, the East India Company emerged as the dominant power in Bengal. <\/span><b>Robert Clive<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> introduced the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/dual-government-in-bengal\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dual Government of Bengal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, where both the Company and the Nawab had a role in governing Bengal, establishing a structure of power without responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Division of Administrative Powers: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Under this system, the Company controlled the <\/span><b>Diwani functions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (revenue collection) and<\/span><b> Nizamat functions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(police and judicial matters).<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Diwani functions were acquired from the Mughal emperor, while the Nizamat functions were obtained from the subahdar of Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Advantages to the Company: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Nawab appeared to be the ruler, while the Company held the real sovereign power. The Nawab was responsible for maintaining peace and order but depended on the Company for funds and military support, as the Company controlled revenue and the army.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Failure of the Dual Government:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It caused administrative breakdown and severely harmed public welfare. Company officials abused dastaks and private trade privileges, ruining Indian merchants.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Impact on Trade: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Company exploited Bengali silk producers and systematically weakened the cotton industry by controlling quality, production and prices. Harsh treatment forced many artisans to abandon their occupations or leave Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Impact on Agriculture: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Land revenue collection was auctioned to the highest bidder, encouraging tax farmers to maximise profits. Rising revenue demands intensified peasant exploitation, forcing many farmers to abandon their lands, contributing to widespread distress and famine.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Abolition of the Dual Government: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 1772, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/warren-hastings\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Warren Hastings<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> abolished the Dual Government, removing the Naib Diwans and taking direct control of revenue and civil justice. The Nawab lost Nizamat powers, while the Company assumed effective control over Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar Significance<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar was one of the most significant military events in modern Indian history. The decisive victory of the East India Company transformed the British from a trading group into a political ruler, leading to control over Indian revenues and starting two centuries of colonial rule.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Established Company Supremacy: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The battle confirmed the East India Company\u2019s supremacy in Bengal and Bihar. It showed that the Company could defeat a powerful alliance of Indian rulers.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Weakened Mughal Authority: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The defeat of Shah Alam II exposed the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Emperor became dependent on the Company for financial and political support.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Expanded British Influence: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After Buxar, the Company became a decisive power in north India. It could intervene in the affairs of Awadh, Bengal, Bihar, and neighbouring regions.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Beginning of Territorial Empire: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar marked the transition of the East India Company from a trading body into a territorial and imperial power.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar and Battle of Plassey<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Battle of Buxar and the Battle of Plassey were both turning points in British expansion, but their nature and impact were different.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">At Plassey, Robert Clive defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah with the help of conspiracy and betrayal, establishing Company influence over Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In contrast, Major Hector Munro secured a decisive military victory at Buxar against Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula, and Shah Alam II.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Plassey marked the beginning of British political influence in Bengal, Buxar consolidated Company power and paved the way for the acquisition of Diwani rights over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa through the Treaty of Allahabad (1765).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Battle of Buxar UPSC PYQs<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><b>Q1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Why did the armies of the British East India Company\u2013mostly comprising of Indian soldiers\u2013win consistently against the more numerous and better equipped armies of the Indian rulers? Give reasons.<\/span><b> (UPSC Mains 2022)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 200px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Other Related Posts<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/battle-of-plassey\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Battle of Plassey<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/robert-clive\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Robert Clive <\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/battle-of-buxar\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Battle of Buxar<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/anglo-mysore-wars\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Anglo Mysore Wars<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/dual-government-in-bengal\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Dual Government in Bengal<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/tipu-sultan\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Tipu Sultan <\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/anglo-maratha-wars\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Anglo Maratha Wars<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/maratha-empire\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Maratha Empire<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/third-battle-of-panipat\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Third Battle of Panipat<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;height: 25px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/chhatrapati-shivaji-maharaj\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/battle-of-bhima-koregaon\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Battle of Bhima Koregaon<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/anglo-burmese-war\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Anglo Burmese War<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 25px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/maharaja-ranjit-singh\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Maharaja Ranjit Singh<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center;height: 25px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/anglo-nepal-war\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Anglo Nepal War<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Battle of Buxar fought on October 22, 1764, where  British East India Company defeated combined forces of Mir Kasim, Nawab of Awadh, Shah Alam II. Check its Causes, Impact, Consequences, UPSC Notes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14062,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,18],"tags":[677,40,1085],"class_list":["post-3618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-upsc-notes","category-upsc-ancient-history-notes","tag-battle-of-buxar-1764","tag-quest","tag-upsc-ancient-history-notes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3618"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27716,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3618\/revisions\/27716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}