{"id":5857,"date":"2026-08-11T10:59:38","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T05:29:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=5857"},"modified":"2026-08-11T12:06:57","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T06:36:57","slug":"constituent-assembly-of-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/constituent-assembly-of-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Constituent Assembly of India, Members, Timeline, Chairman"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Constituent Assembly of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was a special body formed in November 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan to draft the Constitution of India. It held its first meeting on December 9, 1946, and completed its historic work in two years, eleven months, and seventeen days.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Constituent Assembly of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> played a crucial role in drafting the <\/span><b>Indian Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, ensuring it reflected the nation's diverse cultural, social, and political fabric. Led by prominent figures like Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Assembly engaged in comprehensive debates on federalism, fundamental rights, and governance, shaping the document's core principles.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly About<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly of India is an institution specifically conceived to design or amend a Constitution, with the authority to establish the norms that govern the political and social framework of a territory. In India, the Constituent Assembly was formed in November 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan (1946) as a partly elected and partly nominated body.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>First Meeting: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It convened for the first time on December 9, 1946, to draft and formulate the Constitution of India, seen as essential for implementing self-determination.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Provisional Parliament: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After its final session on January 24, 1950, the Constituent Assembly served as the <\/span><b>provisional Parliament <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">from January 26, 1950, until the first general elections in 1951-52 established the new Parliament.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly of India Background<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly of India was born out of the national demand for self-determination<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><b>freedom from<a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/british-rule-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\"> British rule in India<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Colonial frameworks, such as the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/government-of-india-act-1919\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Government of India Act of 1919<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/government-of-india-act-1935\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Government of India Act of 1935<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, offered limited self-governance while keeping key powers, like defense, finance, and foreign affairs, under British control.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Widespread dissatisfaction with these restrictive laws strengthened the call for full sovereignty. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Dr. B.R. Ambedkar<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> emphasised that only a Constitution drafted by Indians could truly reflect the nation's diverse social, cultural, and political reality.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly Timeline<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This timeline traces the evolution of the Constituent Assembly, showing how the demand for self-determination culminated in the framing of India\u2019s Constitution and the dawn of complete independence.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\">\r\n<p><b>1934<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The idea of a Constituent Assembly for India was put forward for the first time by <\/span><b>M.N.Roy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a pioneer of the communist movement in India.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>1935<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Indian National Congress first demanded a Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution of India.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>1938<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>J.L. Nehru<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> declared that the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected based on <\/span><b>Adult Franchise<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>1940<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">First time in principle, the demand for a Constituent Assembly was accepted by the British in the<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/august-offer\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>August offer 1940<\/b><\/a><b>.<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>1942<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/cripps-mission\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Cripps Mission<\/b><\/a><b>, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">headed by<\/span><b> Sir Stafford Cripps<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, came to India with a draft proposal to frame an independent Constitution, which was rejected by the Muslim League.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><b>1946<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/cabinet-mission\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Cabinet Mission<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was sent to India, which rejected the idea of two Constituent Assemblies. Hence, Elections were held as per the Cabinet Mission plan of 1946 to establish the Constituent Assembly.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly Members and Composition<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly of India was formed in November 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan to draft a Constitution for independent India, though post-partition its strength dropped to 299 members (229 provinces, 70 princely states) after Pakistan's separation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Initial Strength:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Assembly initially comprised <\/span><b>389 members<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, including 296 representatives from British India and 93 from the Princely States.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Seat Ratio:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Seats were allotted in proportion to the population, roughly representing one seat for every million people.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Community Quotas:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Seats assigned to British Indian provinces were divided among three major categories: Muslims, Sikhs, and General.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Provinces (296):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Members from the provinces were indirectly elected by provincial legislative assemblies using the single transferable vote system.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Princely States (93):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Representatives from the Princely States were directly nominated by the heads or rulers of those respective states.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chairman of Constituent Assembly of india<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Chairman of the Constituent Assembly of India (president or constituent assembly) was Dr Rajendra Prasad. He was elected as the permanent Chairman (President) of the Constituent Assembly on 11 December 1946. Under his leadership, the Assembly conducted debates and discussions for drafting the Constitution. Notably, Dr Sachchidananda Sinha served as the temporary chairman for the first meeting on December 9, 1946, and Dr B.R. Ambedkar chaired the separate Drafting Committee.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Working of Constituent Assembly of India<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly drafted the Constitution of India. Formed under the provisions of the Cabinet Mission of May 1946, it took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Indian Constitution<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>9 December 1946: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly sat for the first time.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>11 December 1946:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rajendra Prasad as President, Harendra Coomar Mookerjee and V.T. Krishnamachari as the Vice Presidents were elected, and B. N. Rau as Constitutional legal advisor was appointed.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>13 December 1946: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/jawaharlal-nehru\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jawaharlal<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0Nehru introduced the famous \"Objective Resolution\" in the Assembly, which laid down the philosophy of the Constitution of India.<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is geared toward fostering economic and political security in India through a written Constitution and declaring India a Sovereign, Democratic Republic.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It fostered the formulation of a federal system with the even-handed distribution of powers between the Centre and the states.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It strives to secure equality, justice, and freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, association, and associated action for each subject of the country.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is geared toward providing necessary protection to the minority and backward sections of society.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It strives to secure the integrity of the territory of the Indian Republic and follow the law of any civilised nation to secure rights on land, sea, and air.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>22 January 1947:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Resolution was unanimously adopted by the Assembly.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>July 1947- Indian Independence Act, 1947:<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Assembly was given <\/span><b>complete autonomy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and the power to draft any Constitution it chose.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Act gave the Assembly the authority to annul or amend any law passed by the British Parliament regarding India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Assembly was also given legislative authority<\/span><b>.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As a result, the Assembly was elected as India's first free Parliament (Dominion Legislature).<\/span><b> Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> presided over meetings of the Assembly as the Constituent body, and<\/span><b> G.V. Mavlankar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> presided over those of the Assembly as the Legislative body.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>July - October 1947:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Preparation of<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the<\/span><b> first draft by the Constitutional Advisor. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constitutional Advisor started putting together the first draft of the Constitution by aligning the reports already discussed and adopted.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><b>22 July 1947: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly adopted the National flag.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>October 1947- February 1948:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Deliberations in Drafting Committee and resultant draft Constitution. The Drafting Committee produced the <\/span><b>draft Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by February 21, 1948,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">which contained 315 Articles and 8 Schedules.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>4 November 1948 - 9 November 1948 (First reading): The <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Drafting Committee published the draft Constitution of India in February 1948. The draft was introduced in the Assembly in November 1948.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>15 November 1948 \u2013 17 October 1949 (Second reading):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Clause-by-clause draft discussion was conducted in the Assembly.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>May 1949:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Constituent Assembly accepted and approved India's membership of the British <\/span><b>Commonwealth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>14 November 1949 - 26 November 1949 (Third reading):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Assembly finished the third reading.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>26 November 1949: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly <\/span><b>passed and adopted<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the Constitution of India.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><b>24 January 1950:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The Constituent Assembly elected <\/span><b>Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as the first President of India and adopted the <\/span><b>National Anthem<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><b>National Song<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Enforcement of the Constitution<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As per the provisions in the Constitution, it formally commenced on January 1950<\/span><b>,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> bringing it into force in its entirety. This date was chosen to commemorate the declaration of \u2018Poorna Swaraj\u2019 by J.L. Nehru at an annual session of the Congress in Lahore in 1929.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some of the Constitution's provisions, included in Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392, and 393<\/span><b>,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> relating to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/citizenship\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">citizenship<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, elections, a provisional parliament, temporary and transitional laws, and short titles, came into effect on <\/span><b>November 26, 1949.<\/b><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The remaining provisions of the Constitution took effect on<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">January 26, 1950,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and the entire Constitution was enforced. This day is celebrated as Republic Day.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly Committees<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Committees of the Constituent Assembly were specialised bodies formed to draft, deliberate, and finalise different aspects of India\u2019s Constitution and to conduct preliminary research and deliberations within smaller groups.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Drafting Committee was established on <\/span><b>August 29, 1947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, under the chairmanship of <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/dr-br-ambedkar\/\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. B.R. Ambedkar<\/a> to frame the new Constitution. It served as the central body of the Constituent Assembly, responsible for drafting the Constitution of India by integrating reports and proposals from all other committees. Sitting for 141 days, it prepared the first draft by February 1948 and the second by October 1948, completing its task in under six months. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <\/span><b>seven members <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">of the Drafting Committee were:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><b>Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (Chairman)<\/b><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N. Gopalaswamy Ayyangar<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. K.M. Munshi<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syed Mohammad Saadullah<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N. Madhava Rau<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">T.T. Krishnamachari<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major Committees<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly appointed 8 Major Committees to handle core constitutional frameworks. Key leaders chaired these bodies to address fundamental governance, federal structure, and rights:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Chairman<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><b>Description<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Drafting Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Dr. B.R. Ambedkar<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scrutinized and prepared the official draft of the Constitution.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Union Power Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Defined powers and subjects under central jurisdiction.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Union Constitution Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Framed the structure and principles of the Central Government.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>States Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Jawaharlal Nehru<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Handled integration and negotiation with Princely States.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Provincial Constitution Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Designed the governance model for provinces.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oversaw protection of citizen rights and tribal\/minority safeguards.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Rules of Procedure Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Formulated rules governing Assembly debates and proceedings.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 45.4545%\">\r\n<p><b>Steering Committee<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.1818%\">\r\n<p><b>Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 35.4123%\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Managed the day-to-day order of business and agenda.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Minor Committees<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly Minor Committees played crucial procedural, administrative, and specialised advisory roles to support the Major Committees in efficiently drafting and finalising India's Constitution.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Key Operational &amp; Finance Committees<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Finance and Staff Committee:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>House Committee:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Business Order Committee:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Dr. K.M. Munshi<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Press Gallery Committee:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Usha Nath Sen<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Legal &amp; Administrative Bodies<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Committee on the Functions of the Constituent Assembly:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> G.V. Mavlankar <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(handled legislative affairs when the Assembly met as a parliament)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Ad-hoc Committee on the National Flag:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Special Committee to Examine the Draft Constitution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Credentials Committee:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Judicial &amp; Territorial Panels<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Ad-hoc Committee on the Supreme Court:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> S. Varadachari <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(non-member)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Committee on Chief Commissioners' Provinces:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Expert Committee on Financial Provisions of the Union Constitution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> N.L. Sarkar <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(non-member).<\/span><\/i><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly of India Criticism<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Constituent Assembly has been criticised by several scholars and Constitutional experts on various grounds. These are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Not a Representative Body:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Its members were not directly elected based on the universal adult franchise.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Not a Sovereign Body: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was created by the British proposals, and its sessions were held with the permission of the British Government.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Time-Consuming: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It took an unduly long time to frame the Constitution; on the other hand, the American Constitution was formed in 4 months.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Dominated by Congress<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><b>Granville Austin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> commented that \u201cThe Constituent Assembly was a one-party body in an essentially one-party country. The Assembly was the Congress, and the Congress was India.\"<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Lawyer-Politician Domination<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Scholars maintain that they dominated the Constituent Assembly and are not representative of other sections.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Dominated by Hindus<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><b>Winston Churchill<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> commented that the Constituent Assembly represents \"Only one major community in India\".<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Constituent Assembly of India UPSC PYQs<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><b>Q1.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> What was the exact Constitutional status of India on 26th January 1950? <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2020)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha\">\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Democratic Republic<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Sovereign Democratic Republic<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (b)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q2. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">With reference to Indian National Movement, consider the following pairs: <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2019)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Person<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\">\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Position Held<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">President, All India Liberal Federation<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">2. K. C. Neogy<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Member, The Constituent Assembly<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">3. P. C. Joshi<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">General Secretary, Communist Party of India<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Which of the pairs given above is\/are correctly matched?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha\">\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1 and 2 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">3 only<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1, 2 and 3<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (d)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p><b>Q3. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who among the following was the chairman of the Union Constitution Committee of the Constituent Assembly? <\/span><b>(UPSC Prelims 2005)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha\">\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B.R. Ambedkar<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">J. B. Kripalani<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jawaharlal Nehru<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p><b>Ans: (a)<\/b><\/p>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 88.7337%;height: 187px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Other Related posts\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/sources-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Sources of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\"><strong><a 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diversity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14008,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,27],"tags":[752,1829,40,632],"class_list":["post-5857","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-upsc-notes","category-upsc-polity-notes","tag-constituent-assembly","tag-constituent-assembly-of-india","tag-quest","tag-upsc-polity-notes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5857","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5857"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5857\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27430,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5857\/revisions\/27430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}