What is the National Mission for Manuscripts (NMM)?

Why in News:

• Presently, NMM is a part of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts.
• The new body, likely to be named the National Manuscripts Authority, will be an autonomous entity under the Ministry of Tourism and Culture.

About National Mission for Manuscripts (NMM):

• It was established in February 2003, by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Government of India.
• Mandate: Documenting, conserving and disseminating the knowledge preserved in the manuscripts.
• Motto: ‘Conserving the past for the future’
• A unique project in its programme and mandate, the NMM seeks to unearth and preserve the vast manuscript wealth of India.
  • India possesses an estimate of ten million manuscripts, probably the largest collection in the world.
  • These cover a variety of themes, textures, and aesthetics, scripts, languages, calligraphies, illuminations, and illustrations.
  • While 75% of the existing manuscripts are in Sanskrit, 25% are in regional languages, according to the NMM.
• Objectives:
  • Locate manuscripts through a national-level survey and post-survey.
  • Document each and every manuscript and manuscript repository, for a National Electronic Database that currently contains information on four million manuscripts making this the largest database on Indian manuscripts in the world.
  • Conserve manuscripts incorporating both modern and indigenous methods of conservation and training a new generation of manuscript conservators.
  • To train the next generation of scholars in various aspects of Manuscript Studies like languages, scripts and critical editing and cataloguing of texts and conservation of manuscripts.
  • To promote access to manuscripts by digitizing the rarest and most endangered manuscripts.
  • To promote access to manuscripts through the publication of critical editions of unpublished manuscripts and catalogues.
  • To facilitate public’s engagement with manuscripts through lectures, seminars, publications and other outreach programmes.
• To achieve this mandate, the mission has established more than 100 Manuscripts Resource Centres and Manuscripts Conservation Centres all over India.

What is a Manuscript?

• A manuscript is a handwritten composition on paper, bark, cloth, metal, palm leaf, or any other material dating back at least seventy-five years that has significant scientific, historical, or aesthetic value.
• Lithographs and printed volumes are not manuscripts.
• Manuscripts are found in hundreds of different languages and scripts.
  • Often, one language is written in a number of different scripts. For example, Sanskrit is written in Oriya script, Grantha script, Devanagari script, and many other scripts.
• Manuscripts are distinct from historical records such as epigraphs on rocks, firm ans, and revenue records, which provide direct information on events or processes in history.
• Manuscripts have knowledge content.

Q1: What is Lithography?

A lithograph is a print that’s made using a stone or metal plate. Lithographs are etched into the plate using a chemical reaction.

News: Government seeks to relaunch National Manuscript Mission, set up autonomous body

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