UPSC Daily Quiz 23 February 2026
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Vajiram & Ravi’s Daily UPSC Quiz is designed to help aspirants strengthen their preparation by focusing on current affairs and concepts from the UPSC Syllabus 2026 for both Prelims & Mains. It allows candidates to revise important topics while regularly assessing their understanding and progress. Practicing these quizzes daily can improve accuracy, speed, and problem-solving skills. This consistent practice also enhances confidence in tackling exam-level questions. Overall, it is a valuable tool for both UPSC Prelims preparation and Mains revision.
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Takeshima, recently seen in the news:
- It is a group of small islets situated in the middle of the East China Sea.
- South Korea currently administers the islets.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: b
Explanation:
South Korea recently protested a Japanese government-backed “Takeshima Day” event, calling it an unjust assertion of sovereignty over disputed islands also claimed by Japan.
About Takeshima:
- It is a group of small islets situated in the middle of the Sea of Japan.
- It is lying almost equidistant between the Korean Peninsula and Japan.
- It is called Dokdo in South Korea and Takeshima in Japan.
- It has also been known as the Liancourt Rocks, named by French whalers after their ship in 1849.
- The islands themselves consist of two main islands and about 30 smaller rocks.
- Administrative Control:
- South Korea currently administers the islets, maintaining a small police detachment and facilities.
- Japan claims sovereignty and considers the issue an unresolved territorial dispute.
Hence only statement 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer: b
Explanation:
South Korea recently protested a Japanese government-backed “Takeshima Day” event, calling it an unjust assertion of sovereignty over disputed islands also claimed by Japan.
About Takeshima:
- It is a group of small islets situated in the middle of the Sea of Japan.
- It is lying almost equidistant between the Korean Peninsula and Japan.
- It is called Dokdo in South Korea and Takeshima in Japan.
- It has also been known as the Liancourt Rocks, named by French whalers after their ship in 1849.
- The islands themselves consist of two main islands and about 30 smaller rocks.
- Administrative Control:
- South Korea currently administers the islets, maintaining a small police detachment and facilities.
- Japan claims sovereignty and considers the issue an unresolved territorial dispute.
Hence only statement 2 is correct.
-
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
1 pointsKole Wetlands, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
Correct
Answer: c
Explanation:
A recent scientific study conducted at the Kole wetlands, a Ramsar-listed ecosystem in Kerala, has documented a total of 12 species of pygmy grasshoppers.
About Kole Wetlands:
- The Kole wetlands are located in Central Kerala, that spreads over Thrissur and Malappuram districts.
- It is popular for its paddy cultivation that dates back to 300 years.
- The wetland gets its name from its high productivity – ‘Kole’ literally translates to ‘bumper crop’ in Malayalam.
- The Kole areas are low-lying and have a central, narrow strip covering a long expanse, with many pockets running into cultivated land on either side.
- The region is naturally subject to saltwater ingression. During the monsoon, the entire region, which gets submerged under water, is cultivated by draining the water and by erecting bunds.
- As Kole is a large sprawling wetland with human habitation all around, there are coconut and arecanut plantations, gardens, and cultivated plants.
- It is one of largest, highly productive, and threatened wetlands in Kerala.
- It comes in the Central Asian Flyway of migratory birds.
- In terms of the number of birds, the Kole Wetlands is the third largest in India after Chilika Lake in Orissa and Amipur Tank in Gujarat.
- It has been recognised as one of India’s Important Bird Areas by BirdLife International.
- It was declared as a Ramsar site of international importance in 2002.
Hence option c is the correct answer.
Incorrect
Answer: c
Explanation:
A recent scientific study conducted at the Kole wetlands, a Ramsar-listed ecosystem in Kerala, has documented a total of 12 species of pygmy grasshoppers.
About Kole Wetlands:
- The Kole wetlands are located in Central Kerala, that spreads over Thrissur and Malappuram districts.
- It is popular for its paddy cultivation that dates back to 300 years.
- The wetland gets its name from its high productivity – ‘Kole’ literally translates to ‘bumper crop’ in Malayalam.
- The Kole areas are low-lying and have a central, narrow strip covering a long expanse, with many pockets running into cultivated land on either side.
- The region is naturally subject to saltwater ingression. During the monsoon, the entire region, which gets submerged under water, is cultivated by draining the water and by erecting bunds.
- As Kole is a large sprawling wetland with human habitation all around, there are coconut and arecanut plantations, gardens, and cultivated plants.
- It is one of largest, highly productive, and threatened wetlands in Kerala.
- It comes in the Central Asian Flyway of migratory birds.
- In terms of the number of birds, the Kole Wetlands is the third largest in India after Chilika Lake in Orissa and Amipur Tank in Gujarat.
- It has been recognised as one of India’s Important Bird Areas by BirdLife International.
- It was declared as a Ramsar site of international importance in 2002.
Hence option c is the correct answer.
-
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
1 pointsSayyad-3G Missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which country?
Correct
Answer: d
Explanation:
Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Navy recently tested the Sayyad-3G air defense missile.
About Sayyad-3G Missile:
- It is a naval surface-to-air defense missile developed by Iran.
- Derived from the land-based Sayyad-3 missile, the Sayyad-3G has been adapted for maritime use, providing medium-range air defense for warships and naval vessels.
- It is launched from ships via a Vertical Launch System (VLS), offering 360-degree coverage and rapid response against aerial threats.
- The missile is capable of intercepting multiple airborne targets, including warplanes, maritime patrol aircraft, and high-altitude UAVs.
- It can operate both independently and as part of an integrated naval command-and-control network, using the ship’s onboard radar while retaining autonomous tracking and targeting capability.
- Its operational range is reported to be approximately 150 kilometers.
Hence option d is the correct answer.
Incorrect
Answer: d
Explanation:
Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Navy recently tested the Sayyad-3G air defense missile.
About Sayyad-3G Missile:
- It is a naval surface-to-air defense missile developed by Iran.
- Derived from the land-based Sayyad-3 missile, the Sayyad-3G has been adapted for maritime use, providing medium-range air defense for warships and naval vessels.
- It is launched from ships via a Vertical Launch System (VLS), offering 360-degree coverage and rapid response against aerial threats.
- The missile is capable of intercepting multiple airborne targets, including warplanes, maritime patrol aircraft, and high-altitude UAVs.
- It can operate both independently and as part of an integrated naval command-and-control network, using the ship’s onboard radar while retaining autonomous tracking and targeting capability.
- Its operational range is reported to be approximately 150 kilometers.
Hence option d is the correct answer.
-
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
1 pointsVaan Island, recently seen in the news, is located in which of the following regions?
Correct
Answer: a
Explanation:
A decade-long artificial reef restoration of Vaan Island generated socio-ecological benefits worth ₹61.67 crore—over twice its inflation-adjusted cost, according to a technical assessment by the Tamil Nadu Coastal Restoration Mission and its partners.
About Vaan Island:
- Vaan is one of the 21 islands in the Gulf of Mannar, which was declared a marine biodiversity park in 1986.
- It is part of the Tuticorin group of islands.
- It had suffered severe erosion, shrinking by 92% between 1969 and 2015.
- Its area was reduced from about 20 hectares to 1.53 hectares largely due to coral mining, sea-level rise, and reef degradation.
- To arrest the decline, scientists deployed 10,600 specially designed artificial reef modules around the island beginning in 2015.
- Geomorphic monitoring indicates the island area has expanded to over 2.3 hectares since then.
- The reef modules also facilitated rapid biological colonisation, supporting an average of 81 coral colonies per module.
Hence option a is the correct answer.
Incorrect
Answer: a
Explanation:
A decade-long artificial reef restoration of Vaan Island generated socio-ecological benefits worth ₹61.67 crore—over twice its inflation-adjusted cost, according to a technical assessment by the Tamil Nadu Coastal Restoration Mission and its partners.
About Vaan Island:
- Vaan is one of the 21 islands in the Gulf of Mannar, which was declared a marine biodiversity park in 1986.
- It is part of the Tuticorin group of islands.
- It had suffered severe erosion, shrinking by 92% between 1969 and 2015.
- Its area was reduced from about 20 hectares to 1.53 hectares largely due to coral mining, sea-level rise, and reef degradation.
- To arrest the decline, scientists deployed 10,600 specially designed artificial reef modules around the island beginning in 2015.
- Geomorphic monitoring indicates the island area has expanded to over 2.3 hectares since then.
- The reef modules also facilitated rapid biological colonisation, supporting an average of 81 coral colonies per module.
Hence option a is the correct answer.
-
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the PRASHAD Scheme:
- It is a Central Sector Scheme launched under the Ministry of Culture.
- It aims at integrated development of identified pilgrimage destinations.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: b
Explanation:
Union Civil Aviation Minister recently said that the Centre is preparing plans to further develop tourist destinations around prominent temples in Andhra Pradesh under the PRASHAD scheme.
About PRASHAD Scheme:
- The PRASHAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Heritage Augmentation Drive) was launched in the year 2014-2015 under the Ministry of Tourism.
- It is a Central Sector Scheme with the objective of integrated development of identified pilgrimage destinations.
- The primary objective of the scheme is to develop tourism infrastructure at pilgrimage and heritage sites, ensuring a more enriching experience for pilgrims and heritage enthusiasts.
- Under the scheme, the ministry provides financial assistance to state governments and Union Territory administrations for the development of tourism infrastructure at these sites.
- The Central Government provides 100% funding for the project components undertaken for public funding.
- It also welcomes voluntary contributions made through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) AND Public Private Partnership (PPP).
- The Ministry of Tourism has set up a Mission Directorate for implementing the PRASAD scheme.
- The Mission Directorate identifies projects in the identified cities and coordinates with the states/UTs and other stakeholders to implement this scheme.
- The scheme contributes to employment generation while also enhancing awareness and fostering skill and capacity development of the local communities.
Hence only statement 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer: b
Explanation:
Union Civil Aviation Minister recently said that the Centre is preparing plans to further develop tourist destinations around prominent temples in Andhra Pradesh under the PRASHAD scheme.
About PRASHAD Scheme:
- The PRASHAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Heritage Augmentation Drive) was launched in the year 2014-2015 under the Ministry of Tourism.
- It is a Central Sector Scheme with the objective of integrated development of identified pilgrimage destinations.
- The primary objective of the scheme is to develop tourism infrastructure at pilgrimage and heritage sites, ensuring a more enriching experience for pilgrims and heritage enthusiasts.
- Under the scheme, the ministry provides financial assistance to state governments and Union Territory administrations for the development of tourism infrastructure at these sites.
- The Central Government provides 100% funding for the project components undertaken for public funding.
- It also welcomes voluntary contributions made through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) AND Public Private Partnership (PPP).
- The Ministry of Tourism has set up a Mission Directorate for implementing the PRASAD scheme.
- The Mission Directorate identifies projects in the identified cities and coordinates with the states/UTs and other stakeholders to implement this scheme.
- The scheme contributes to employment generation while also enhancing awareness and fostering skill and capacity development of the local communities.
Hence only statement 2 is correct.
-
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Apple:
- It can be grown at an altitude of 1500- 2700 m above sea level.
- It is only cultivated in Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh region.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: a
Explanation:
According to the J&K Economic Survey 2025-26, apple production comprises 50% of the total horticulture production of J&K against pear, apricot, peach, plum, cherry, citrus, mango, walnut, almond etc.
Apple (Malus pumila) is an important temperate fruit.
Climatic conditions required For Apple:
Temperature: The average summer temperature should be around 21-24 degrees C during the active growth period.
It can be grown at an altitude of 1500- 2700 m above sea level.
Rainfall: Well-distributed rainfall of 1000-1250 mm throughout the growing season is most favourable for the optimum growth and fruitfulness of apple trees.
Soil: Apples grow best on well-drained, loamy soils.
Apple growing States in India:
In India apple is primarily cultivated in Jammu & Kashmir; Himachal Pradesh; the hills of Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal.
It is also cultivated to a small extent in Arunachal Pradesh; Nagaland; Punjab and Sikkim.
Hence only statement 1 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer: a
Explanation:
According to the J&K Economic Survey 2025-26, apple production comprises 50% of the total horticulture production of J&K against pear, apricot, peach, plum, cherry, citrus, mango, walnut, almond etc.
Apple (Malus pumila) is an important temperate fruit.
Climatic conditions required For Apple:
Temperature: The average summer temperature should be around 21-24 degrees C during the active growth period.
It can be grown at an altitude of 1500- 2700 m above sea level.
Rainfall: Well-distributed rainfall of 1000-1250 mm throughout the growing season is most favourable for the optimum growth and fruitfulness of apple trees.
Soil: Apples grow best on well-drained, loamy soils.
Apple growing States in India:
In India apple is primarily cultivated in Jammu & Kashmir; Himachal Pradesh; the hills of Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal.
It is also cultivated to a small extent in Arunachal Pradesh; Nagaland; Punjab and Sikkim.
Hence only statement 1 is correct.
-
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization:
- It is a national-level organization set up under the Directorate General of Health Services.
- It functions as the apex centre for procurement and distribution of organs and tissues in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: c
Explanation:
India has achieved a significant milestone in the field of organ donation and transplantation, with the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) recording unprecedented progress in organ donation, allocation, and transplantation across the country.
It is a national-level organization set up under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in New Delhi.
The establishment of NOTTO is mandated as per the Transplantation of human Organs and Tissues (Amendment) Act of 2011.
It has the following two divisions:
National Human Organ and Tissue Removal and Storage Network
National Biomaterial Centre
It functions as the apex centre for all India activities of coordination and networking for:
procurement and distribution of organs and tissues; and
registry of Organs and Tissues Donation and Transplantation in the country
The following activities are undertaken at National Level by NOTTO to facilitate Organ Transplantation in the safest way in the shortest possible time and to collect data and develop and publish National Registry.
Lay down policy guidelines and protocols for various functions.
All registry data from States and regions would be compiled and published.
Creating awareness and promotion of deceased organ donation and transplantation activities.
Co-ordination from procurement of organs and tissues to transplantation when organs are allocated outside the region.
Dissemination of information to all concerned organizations, hospitals, and individuals.
Monitoring of transplantation activities in the regions and States and maintaining a data-bank in this regard.
To assist the states in data management, organ transplant surveillance & Organ transplant and Organ Donor registry.
Consultancy support on the legal and non-legal aspects of donation and transplantation
Hence both statements are correct.
News: https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=2231563®=3&lang=1
Incorrect
Answer: c
Explanation:
India has achieved a significant milestone in the field of organ donation and transplantation, with the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) recording unprecedented progress in organ donation, allocation, and transplantation across the country.
It is a national-level organization set up under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in New Delhi.
The establishment of NOTTO is mandated as per the Transplantation of human Organs and Tissues (Amendment) Act of 2011.
It has the following two divisions:
National Human Organ and Tissue Removal and Storage Network
National Biomaterial Centre
It functions as the apex centre for all India activities of coordination and networking for:
procurement and distribution of organs and tissues; and
registry of Organs and Tissues Donation and Transplantation in the country
The following activities are undertaken at National Level by NOTTO to facilitate Organ Transplantation in the safest way in the shortest possible time and to collect data and develop and publish National Registry.
Lay down policy guidelines and protocols for various functions.
All registry data from States and regions would be compiled and published.
Creating awareness and promotion of deceased organ donation and transplantation activities.
Co-ordination from procurement of organs and tissues to transplantation when organs are allocated outside the region.
Dissemination of information to all concerned organizations, hospitals, and individuals.
Monitoring of transplantation activities in the regions and States and maintaining a data-bank in this regard.
To assist the states in data management, organ transplant surveillance & Organ transplant and Organ Donor registry.
Consultancy support on the legal and non-legal aspects of donation and transplantation
Hence both statements are correct.
News: https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=2231563®=3&lang=1
-
Question 8 of 10
8. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Rapti River
- It originates in the Mahabharat range of the lesser Himalayas.
- It is the left bank tributary of the Ghaghra River.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: c
Explanation:
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the Uttar Pradesh government to correct official records and restore the Suav, a major tributary of the Rapti river status from a “drain” to a “river” in the revenue records and gazetteer.
Rapti River is the most important left bank tributary of the Ghaghra River.
Historically, the Rapti River was known as Iravati.
Origin: The Rapti River originates in Nepal near Rukumkot in the Mahabharat range of the lesser Himalayas.
The river begins in Nepal’s Mahabharat range at an elevation of 3,050 metres.
Topography: The entire basin’s topography is made up of lofty mountains, inner and outer Tarai, and undulating plain regions.
It has two distinct climatic regions due to altitude differences: the mountainous region has a temperate climate, while the plain region has a subtropical climate.
Burhi Rapti and Rohini are the major left bank tributaries of Rapti.
After flowing through Nepal, it enters Eastern Uttar Pradesh.
Hence both statements are correct.
Incorrect
Answer: c
Explanation:
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the Uttar Pradesh government to correct official records and restore the Suav, a major tributary of the Rapti river status from a “drain” to a “river” in the revenue records and gazetteer.
Rapti River is the most important left bank tributary of the Ghaghra River.
Historically, the Rapti River was known as Iravati.
Origin: The Rapti River originates in Nepal near Rukumkot in the Mahabharat range of the lesser Himalayas.
The river begins in Nepal’s Mahabharat range at an elevation of 3,050 metres.
Topography: The entire basin’s topography is made up of lofty mountains, inner and outer Tarai, and undulating plain regions.
It has two distinct climatic regions due to altitude differences: the mountainous region has a temperate climate, while the plain region has a subtropical climate.
Burhi Rapti and Rohini are the major left bank tributaries of Rapti.
After flowing through Nepal, it enters Eastern Uttar Pradesh.
Hence both statements are correct.
-
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
1 pointsWith reference to Palamu Tiger Reserve, consider the following:
- It is located on the Chhotanagpur plateau in Jharkhand.
- It comprises mainly moist deciduous and dry deciduous forests.
- It is drained by the Mahanadi river.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct
Answer: b
Explanation:
The south division of Palamu Tiger Reserve has launched a new initiative titled ‘Vanjeevi Didi’ across 17 identified villages to train educated women to become PTR ambassadors.
Location: It is located on the Chhotanagpur plateau in Jharkhand.
The reserve forms a part of the Betla National Park.
It is one of the first 9 tiger reserves created in the country at the inception of ‘Project Tiger’.
It is the first reserve in the world in which a tiger census was carried out as a pugmark count, as early as 1932 under the supervision of J.W. Nicholson.
Terrain: The terrain is undulating with valleys, hills, and plains.
Rivers: Three rivers, namely North Koyal, Auranga, and Burha, flow through the valleys.
The area is drought-prone, with Burha being the only perennial river.
The geological formation consists of gneiss and includes granite and limestone.
Resources: The area is very rich in minerals like Bauxite and Coal.
Vegetation: The vegetation comprises moist deciduous and dry deciduous forests.
Flora: It mainly consists of Sal and bamboo as the major components.
Fauna: Some keystone and principal species found in the reserve include Tiger, Asiatic Elephant, Leopard, Grey wolf, Wild dog, Gaur, Sloth bear and four horned antelope.
Hence only statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Incorrect
Answer: b
Explanation:
The south division of Palamu Tiger Reserve has launched a new initiative titled ‘Vanjeevi Didi’ across 17 identified villages to train educated women to become PTR ambassadors.
Location: It is located on the Chhotanagpur plateau in Jharkhand.
The reserve forms a part of the Betla National Park.
It is one of the first 9 tiger reserves created in the country at the inception of ‘Project Tiger’.
It is the first reserve in the world in which a tiger census was carried out as a pugmark count, as early as 1932 under the supervision of J.W. Nicholson.
Terrain: The terrain is undulating with valleys, hills, and plains.
Rivers: Three rivers, namely North Koyal, Auranga, and Burha, flow through the valleys.
The area is drought-prone, with Burha being the only perennial river.
The geological formation consists of gneiss and includes granite and limestone.
Resources: The area is very rich in minerals like Bauxite and Coal.
Vegetation: The vegetation comprises moist deciduous and dry deciduous forests.
Flora: It mainly consists of Sal and bamboo as the major components.
Fauna: Some keystone and principal species found in the reserve include Tiger, Asiatic Elephant, Leopard, Grey wolf, Wild dog, Gaur, Sloth bear and four horned antelope.
Hence only statements 1 and 2 are correct.
-
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Ferruginous Pochard:
- It is mainly found in Europe, Asia, and African region.
- It is categorized as Critically Endangered species under the IUCN Red list.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: a
Explanation:
Recently, a lone Ferruginous Pochard was found among a flock of Common Pochards at Amoor lake, Chennai.
It is also known as ferruginous duck, common white-eye or white-eyed pochard (Aythya nyroca ) is a medium-sized diving duck from Eurosiberia.
Habitat: It prefers quite shallow fresh waterbodies with rich submerged and floating vegetation with dense stands of emergent vegetation on the margins.
Distribution: It is mainly found in Europe, Asia, Africa especially China, Mongolia, Portugal, France, Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia.
The duck winters throughout the Mediterranean Basin and the Black Sea, smaller number migrate into sub-Saharan Africa via the Nile Valley.
Diet: They eat aquatic plants with some molluscs, aquatic insects and small fish.
Threats: It is threatened by the degradation and destruction of its habitats by anthropogenic causes which are very wide and varied including impoundment, drainage, pollution and mismanagement.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List: Near Threatened
Hence only statement 1 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer: a
Explanation:
Recently, a lone Ferruginous Pochard was found among a flock of Common Pochards at Amoor lake, Chennai.
It is also known as ferruginous duck, common white-eye or white-eyed pochard (Aythya nyroca ) is a medium-sized diving duck from Eurosiberia.
Habitat: It prefers quite shallow fresh waterbodies with rich submerged and floating vegetation with dense stands of emergent vegetation on the margins.
Distribution: It is mainly found in Europe, Asia, Africa especially China, Mongolia, Portugal, France, Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia.
The duck winters throughout the Mediterranean Basin and the Black Sea, smaller number migrate into sub-Saharan Africa via the Nile Valley.
Diet: They eat aquatic plants with some molluscs, aquatic insects and small fish.
Threats: It is threatened by the degradation and destruction of its habitats by anthropogenic causes which are very wide and varied including impoundment, drainage, pollution and mismanagement.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List: Near Threatened
Hence only statement 1 is correct.
Last updated on April, 2026
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