UPSC Prelims 2023 Question:

Q) Consider the following trees:

1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
2. Mahua (Madhuca indica)
3. Teak (Tectona grandis)
   
   

How many of the above are deciduous trees?

Learn more about the Deciduous Trees found in India.

Explanation:

Deciduous trees are trees that lose their leaves seasonally. They are found in temperate and tropical regions all over the world. Deciduous trees have broad flat leaves that catch a lot of light and require a great amount of water. India has a rich diversity of deciduous trees, with over 2,000 species found across the country. These trees play an important role in the Indian ecosystem, providing food and shelter for wildlife, regulating the climate, and helping to clean the air and water.

Deciduous trees found in India

Jackfruit Tree:

• Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is an evergreen tree, which means they retain their leaves throughout the year and do not shed them seasonally. So, point 1 is not correct.
• Jackfruit is a popular fruit in India, and it is used in a variety of dishes, such as curries, stir-fries, and desserts. Jackfruit seeds are also edible, and they are a good source of protein and fibre.
• The jackfruit tree is also a valuable timber tree. The wood of the jackfruit tree is strong and durable, and it is used to make furniture, boats, and other products. Jackfruit trees are an important part of the Indian economy and environment. They provide food, timber, and income for millions of people. Jackfruit trees also help to protect biodiversity and prevent erosion.

Mahua (Madhuca indica) is found in the dry deciduous type of forests like the Forests of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. It is a medium-sized tree that can grow up to 20 metres tall. The Mahua tree has white flowers that bloom in the spring. The flowers are followed by fruit, which is called Mahua. Mahua is a versatile fruit that can be eaten fresh, cooked, or dried. The fresh fruit is sweet and juicy. The dried fruit is used to make flour, oil, and liquor. Mahua is also used in traditional Indian medicine. So, point 2 is correct.

Teak (Tectona grandis) is a moist deciduous tree. Teak wood forests are mainly found in North East India. They prefer well-drained soil and full sun. Teak trees can grow up to 40 metres tall and live for hundreds of years. Teak wood is highly valued for its durability, strength, and resistance to rot and decay. It is used to make a variety of products, including furniture, boats, flooring, and musical instruments. Teak wood is also used to make plywood and veneers. So, point 3 is correct.

Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer.