Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Latest News

According to the CDC (USA), the prevalence of autism has risen from 1 in 36 children (2020) to 1 in 31 (2022).

About Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by differences in brain development, affecting communication, social interaction, behaviour, and learning patterns.
• Symptoms of ASD typically appear before the age of 3 years, though diagnosis is often delayed, particularly in low-awareness settings.
• People with ASD may display repetitive behaviours, narrow interests, and may have unusual learning styles or motor skills.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Causes

• ASD is not caused by a single factor. It results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental influences.
• Genetics plays a strong role, with studies showing heritability estimates of up to 91% (Tick et al., JAMA, 2016).
• Environmental contributors such as advanced parental age, prenatal exposure to air pollutants, and maternal health are being studied, but no single environmental toxin has been conclusively proven to cause autism.
• Vaccines do not cause autism. This claim stems from a discredited study, and continued misinformation can lead to dangerous vaccine hesitancy.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) FAQs

Q1: What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Ans: ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviours, manifesting in early childhood.

Q2: Is ASD a single condition?
Ans: No, ASD is a spectrum that includes a range of conditions such as Asperger syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder.

Q3: How is ASD diagnosed?
Ans: Diagnosis is based on behavioural assessments, developmental history, and screening tools, usually by pediatric neurologists or psychologists.

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Source: TH