Coffee Production in India

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About Coffee Production:

The vast majority of the world’s coffee comprises two species — Coffea Arabica (Arabica) and Coffea Canephora (Robusta). Coffee, especially Arabica, is considered a sensitive crop, vulnerable to climate variability and change.
Climatic conditions required for coffee production
- It requires a hot and humid climate for its growth.
- Temperatures ranging between 15°C and 28 °C
- Rainfall: 150 to 250 cm.
- Soil: Well-drained, loamy soil containing a good deal of humus and minerals like iron and calcium are ideal for coffee cultivation.
- It is generally grown under shady trees.
- Dry weather is necessary at the time of ripening of the berries.
- It is grown on hill slopes at elevations from 600 to 1,600 metres above sea level.
In India coffee is largely cultivated in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha, among which, Karnataka produces the most with over 70% of the total output.

Q1) What is loamy soil?

Loamy soil or loam soil is a type of soil that contains a mixture of sand, silt, and clay particles. These particle types are combined with each other to avoid the negative effects of each type. Typically, loamy soil is highly fertile and is easy to work with as well. Loamy soil typically provides proper drainage

Source: Mornings sans coffee? Global production under threat due to climate hazards finds study