Genome India Project

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About Genome India Project:

It is a national initiative started in January 2020 to map the genetic diversity of India’s population.
It is a multi-institution consortium project which is supported and funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.
It aims to decode the genetic diversity of India’s population through large scale genome sequencing.
Genome India Project Aims
- Create an exhaustive catalog of genetic variations (common, low frequency, rare, single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, and structural variations) in Indians.
- Create a reference haplotype structure for Indians. This reference panel can be used for imputing missing genetic variation in future studies.
- Design genome-wide arrays for research and diagnostics at an affordable cost.
- Establish a biobank for DNA and plasma collected for future use in research.
Genome India Project Key highlights:
- Genome sequencing of 10,000 individuals: The project successfully sequenced genomes of 10,074 samples, covering 99 ethnic groups.
- Creation of a genetic database: Data is securely stored at the Indian Biological Data Centre and will serve as a reference for researchers.
- Genetic insights for public health: The study revealed unique genetic variations, some with clinical significance, paving the way for precision medicine.
- Phase 1 analysis: Detailed quality checks and joint genotyping of 5,750 samples have uncovered rare genetic variations unique to Indian populations.
This ‘Genome India’ database will now be available to researchers across the world for investigations and is housed at the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC), in Faridabad, Haryana.
Significance: It can help advance the treatment of genetic and infectious diseases.

Q1: What is Genetic Screening?

It is a tool used to identify individuals who are at a higher risk of developing a particular disorder or who carry a specific gene for a disorder. It is used to identify changes in an individual’s genetic material, such as their chromosomes, genes, or proteins.

Source: IT