Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) Latest News

ISRO launched the PSLV-C61 mission from Sriharikota to place the EOS-09 satellite into a Sun-synchronous polar orbit. The mission failed due to a third-stage issue.

What is PSLV?

• PSLV stands for Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, a four-stage launch vehicle developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• It is primarily designed to place satellites into Sun-synchronous polar orbits (SSPOs), which are ideal for Earth observation missions.
• Each stage of PSLV is powered by a different engine and propellant combination, enabling it to carry medium-weight payloads to a variety of orbits with high precision.

Configuration and Design

• The PSLV has four stages, with alternate solid and liquid propulsion systems:
  • First Stage:
    • Uses HTPB-based solid propellant (Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene).
    • In the XL configuration, it is supported by six strap-on boosters that enhance the initial thrust.
    • Capable of generating a peak thrust of 4.8 MegaNewtons (MN).
  • Second Stage: Powered by the Vikas engine, which uses a liquid fuel combination:
    • Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) as fuel
    • Nitrogen Tetroxide (N₂O₄) as oxidiser
    • Generates a thrust of approximately 0.8 MN.
  • Third Stage: Reverts to solid propulsion, again using HTPB-based fuel.
  • Fourth Stage: Utilises two liquid engines burning Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen (MON).

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Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) FAQs

Q1: What is the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)?
Ans: PSLV is India’s third-generation satellite launch vehicle developed by ISRO, known for its reliability in launching satellites into Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits.

Q2: Why is PSLV called the ‘Workhorse of ISRO’?
Ans: PSLV earned this title due to its consistent performance, high success rate, and ability to launch multiple satellites in a single mission.

Q3: What type of orbits can PSLV launch satellites into?
Ans: PSLV can launch satellites into Polar Orbits, Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits (GTO), and even sub-Geosynchronous orbits.

Source: TH