Simlipal Tiger Reserve (STR)

About Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR)

• Location:
  • Situated in Mayurbhanj District, in the northernmost part of Odisha.
  • Surrounded by high plateaus and hills, the highest peaks are Khairiburu and Meghashini (1515 meters above sea level).
• Designation: Declared a Tiger Reserve in 1956 and included under Project Tiger in 1973.
  • Recognised as part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves by UNESCO in 2009.
• Terrain: The landscape is undulating and hilly, interspersed with open grasslands and wooded areas.
• Vegetation: A mix of forest types, with Northern tropical moist deciduous forests dominating, alongside semi-evergreen patches.
  • Notably, it is the only place in the world home to melanistic tigers (black tigers).
• Flora: Features an astounding 1078 plant species, including 94 species of orchids.
  • Sal is the dominant tree species.
• Fauna: Hosts a diverse array of wildlife, including:
  • Large Mammals: Leopard, Gaur, Elephant, Barking Deer, Spotted Deer, and Sloth Bear.
  • Small Mammals: Langur, Mongoose, Pangolin, Flying Squirrel, and Porcupine.
  • Reptiles: Python, Monitor Lizard, and Turtle.
  • Birds: Several bird species inhabit the reserve.
• Cultural importance: Home to various tribes, including Kolha, Santhala, Bhumija, Bhatudi, Gondas, Khadia, Mankadia, and Sahara.

Q1: What is the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)?

The NTCA is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, established in 2005 under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. It is responsible for strengthening tiger conservation efforts in India through policy formulation, monitoring, and providing financial assistance to tiger reserves.

News: TH

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