State Disaster Response Funds (SDRF)

About State Disaster Response Funds: 

• It has been constituted in each State under Section 48 (1) (a) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005.
• The fund is the primary fund available with State Governments for responses to notified disasters.
• Funding Pattern:
  • The Central Government contributes 75% to the SDRF in general States and 90% in North-East and Himalayan States. 
  • The annual Central contribution is released in two equal installments as per the recommendation of the Finance Commission. 
• As per the guidelines, the funds are released on receipt of Utilisation Certificate of the amount released in the earlier instalment and receipt of a report from the State Government on the activities undertaken from SDRF. 
• However, in view of the urgency, these requirements were waived while releasing the funds this time. 
• The fund is to be used only for meeting the expenditure for providing immediate relief to the victims of notified calamities like cyclone, drought, earthquake, fire, flood, tsunami, hailstorm, landslide, avalanche, cloud burst, pest attack and frost & cold wave.
• Allocation of SDRF funds to the States is based on multiple factors like past expenditure, area, population, and disaster risk index. 
• These factors reflect States’ institutional capacity, risk exposure, and hazard and vulnerability.

Q1) What is a cyclone?

A cyclone is a weather phenomenon characterized by a large-scale circulation of winds rotating around a low-pressure center. Cyclones can occur in various parts of the world and are known by different names depending on the region. For example, they are called hurricanes in the Atlantic and northeastern Pacific oceans, typhoons in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, and cyclones in the Indian Ocean and the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

Source: Centre releases Rs.7,532 crore to the States for Disaster Response

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