What is a Circuit breaker in Trading?

About Circuit breaker in Trading:

• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) implemented index-based market-wide circuit breakers in June 2001.
• Circuit breakers are triggered to prevent markets from crashing due to a panic-induced sale of stocks. 
• This can occur for a variety of reasons, leading to stockholders in the market believing that their stocks are overvalued. As a result, they engage in a sell-off.
• Circuit breakers temporarily halt trading, thereby halting the sell-off.
• Circuit-breakers effectively limit how much a stock’s value can fall in a single day/trading session, resulting in a more stable market overall.

How do these work?

• This index-based market-wide circuit breaker system applies at three stages of the index movement, at 10, 15 and 20 per cent.

When triggered, these circuit breakers bring about a coordinated trading halt in all equity and equity derivative markets nationwide.

Q1) What is the equity derivative?

An equity derivative is a financial instrument whose value is based on the equity movements of the underlying asset.

Source: Most Adani stocks hit lower circuits again: What is a circuit breaker in the stock market?