Baiga Tribe: Jodhaiya Bai

About Baiga Tribe:

• Classification: The Baiga Tribe is one of India’s Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).They primarily reside in Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.
• Traditional Practices:
  • Livelihood: Traditionally semi-nomadic, they practised slash-and-burn cultivation, locally called “Bewar”, and now depend mainly on minor forest produce.
  • Tattooing: This is integral to their culture, with specific tattoos designated for different body parts and age groups. Tattoos are made using kajal derived from Ramtilla seeds (Niger seeds).
  • Mahua Tree: These are fermented and distilled to prepare an intoxicant, forming an essential part of their diet and culture.
• Cultural Identity:
  • Bamboo: A vital resource used in their daily life.
  • Habitat Rights: The Baiga tribe is the first community in India to be granted habitat rights, reflecting their deep connection with forests.

Jodhaiya Bai’s Contribution:

• Jodhaiya Bai was pivotal in bringing international recognition to Baiga tribal art.
• She was honoured with the Padma Shri in 2023 for her exceptional contribution to the field of arts.
• Her artwork, which portrays Baiga tribal culture on canvas, has been exhibited in multiple countries around the world.

Q1. What is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG)?

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are the most vulnerable among the tribal communities. Due to their marginalization, the more developed and assertive tribal groups often secure a larger share of tribal development funds. As a result, PVTGs require greater attention and dedicated funds for their development.

News: Padma Shri awardee Baiga tribal artist Jodhaiya Bai dies – The Hindu

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