Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body?

UPSC Prelims 2022 Question:

Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body?

a) They protect the body from environmental allergens. 

b) They alleviate the body's pain and inflammation.

c) They act as immunosuppressants in the body.

d) They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens.

Correct Answer: Option d) They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens

Explanation:

• T cells protect us from infection. In our daily lives, we’re constantly exposed to pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. Without T lymphocytes, also called T cells, every exposure could be life-threatening. T cells can wipe out infected or cancerous cells. They also direct the immune response by helping B lymphocytes to eliminate invading pathogens.
• B cells create antibodies. B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody. These antibodies bind to pathogens or to foreign substances, such as toxins, to neutralize them. For example, an antibody can bind to a virus, which prevents it from entering a normal cell and causing infection. B cells can also recruit other cells to help destroy an infected cell.

Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

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