UPSC Prelims 2016 Question:

The ‘Swadeshi’ and ‘Boycott’ were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the

Explanation: 

• In 1900, Bengal was the major province in British India. The Indian national movement began in Bengal and thus, Britishers decided to part Bengal. Lord Curzon, then Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in July 1905. To respond to this partition,  Indian National Congress initiated the Swadeshi movement in Bengal.
  
  

• The Swadeshi Movement was officially proclaimed on August 7, 1905 at the Calcutta Town Hall, in Bengal.  A Boycott movement was also launched along with the Swadeshi movement.
  
  
• The movements included using goods produced in India and burning British-made goods.. Bal Gandadhar Tilak encouraged Swadeshi and Boycott movement after the British government decided the partition of Bengal.
  
  
• In 1909, the movement had spread across the country and people had started anti-partition and anti-colonial movements. In Andhra Pradesh, the Swadeshi movement was also known as Vandemataram movement.
  
  
• In 1910, there were many secret associations that had been set up and there were many revolutionary movements, which were synonymous to the Swadeshi movement.
  
  

Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer.

Subject: History | Swadeshi Movement