UPSC Prelims 2014 Question:

With reference to technology for solar power production, consider the following statements:

1. 'Photovoltaics' is a technology that generates electricity by direct conversion of light into electricity, while 'Solar Thermal' is a technology that utilizes the Sun's rays to generate heat which is further used in the electricity generation process. 
2. Photovoltaics generates Alternating Current (AC), while Solar Thermal generates Direct Current(DC). 
3. India has a manufacturing base for Solar Thermal technology, but not for photovoltaics.
   
   

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Explanation:

• Photovoltaic (PV) technologies are more commonly known as solar panels. They generate power using devices that absorb energy from sunlight and convert it into electrical energy through semiconducting materials while Solar thermal power/electric generation systems collect and concentrate sunlight to produce the high-temperature heat needed to generate electricity. So, statement 1 is correct.
  
  
• Both technologies convert solar energy into Direct Current (DC). Inverters are used to convert the direct current (DC) electricity generated by solar photovoltaic modules into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is used for local transmission of electricity, as well as most appliances in our homes. So, statement 2 is not correct.
  
  
• Recently, India stands 4th in solar PV deployment across the globe as of the end of 2021. Solar power installed capacity has reached around 61.97 GW as on 30th November 2022. Presently, solar tariff in India is very competitive and has achieved grid parity. So, statement 3 is not correct.
  
  

Therefore, option (1) is the correct answer.

Subject: Environment | Renewable and Energy Resources