Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite is a material with a crystal structure like CaTiO₃, discovered in 1839. It has the formula ABX₃, where A and B are cations and X is an anion.

Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite Solar Cells Latest News

Recently, Scientists have developed a water-based, non-toxic recycling method for PSCs, avoiding the need for hazardous solvents.

What are Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs)?

  • Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a type of photovoltaic (PV) technology that uses crystal structures called perovskites for converting sunlight into electricity.
  • These crystals share the structure of the mineral calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO₃) and can be engineered to possess a wide range of optical, electrical, and semiconducting properties.
  • The general chemical formula of a perovskite compound is ABX₃, where ‘A’ and ‘B’ are cations, and ‘X’ is an anion.
  • They offer high power conversion efficiencies at a lower cost than traditional silicon-based PVs, but they suffer from shorter lifespan and stability issues.

Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells (CPSCs)

  • CPSCs are the first indigenous perovskite-powered niche product developed in India, aimed at improving device stability and reducing fabrication costs.
  • However, humidity and thermal stress remain challenges for widespread commercialisation.
  • Indian scientists have enhanced thermal stability by incorporating Guanidinium iodide (GuI) and improved moisture resistance through surface passivation using 5-amino valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI).

How the New Recycling Process Works

  • Sodium acetate is added to the recycling solution. Its acetate ions bind with lead ions, forming lead acetate, which dissolves easily in water.
  • Sodium iodide and hypophosphorous acid are then introduced.
    • Sodium iodide helps in regenerating degraded perovskite crystals.
    • Hypophosphorous acid acts as a long-term stabiliser for the water-based recycling solution.
  • Scientists also used ethanol and ethyl acetate to dissolve other cell components, allowing them to recycle and reassemble each layer of the solar cell.

Source: TH

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