Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)

What’s in Today’s Article?

• Why in News?
• Background in which the PM-JANMAN was Launched
• What is the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN)?
• News Summary Regarding the Implementation of the PM-JANMAN

Why in News?

• In continuation of its tribal outreach ahead of Lok Sabha elections, the government will release the first installment for pucca houses amounting to Rs 540 crore to one lakh beneficiaries under the PM-JANMAN.
• On this occasion, the PM will virtually interact with the beneficiaries of PM-JANMAN – the flagship central scheme launched in (Nov) 2023 for socio-economic welfare of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs).

Background in which the PM-JANMAN was Launched

• India has a ST population of 10.45 crore as per 2011 census, out of which 75 communities located in 18 States and the UT of Andaman and Nicobar Islands have been categorised as PVTGs.
  • It was in 1960-61 that the Dhebar Commission identified disparities among Scheduled Tribes, leading to the creation of the Primitive Tribal Groups (PTG) category.
  • In 2006, this category was renamed PVTGs – characterised by pre-agricultural lifestyles, low literacy, small or stagnant populations, and subsistence economies.
  • These PVTGs continue to face vulnerability in social, economic and educational fields.
• As announced in the Budget Speech 2023-24, to improve socio-economic conditions of the PVTGs, the PM PVTG of Development Mission will be launched.
• This will saturate PVTG households and habitations with basic facilities such as safe housing, clean drinking water and sanitation, improved access to education, health and nutrition, etc.
• An amount of Rs.15,000 crore will be made available to implement the Mission in the next three years under the Development Action Plan for the Scheduled Tribes (DAPST).

What is the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN)?

• The Union Cabinet during November 2023 approved PM JANMAN with total outlay of Rs.24,104 crore (Central Share: Rs.15,336 crore and State Share: Rs.8,768 crore) to be implemented during FY 2023-24 to 2025-26.
• The PM-JANMAN (comprising Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes) to focus on 11 critical interventions through 9 Ministries including Ministry of Tribal Affairs which are as follows:
  • 
• Other than the interventions mentioned above, the following intervention of other Ministries will be part of Mission:
  • The Ministry of Ayush will set up Ayush Wellness Centre as per existing norms and Ayush facilities will be extended to PVTG habitations through Mobile Medical Units.
  • The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship will facilitate skill and vocational training in PVTG habitations, Multipurpose centres and hostels as per the suitable skills of these communities.
• Implementation structure:
  • 

News Summary Regarding the Implementation of the PM-JANMAN

• In the two months since the launch of the scheme on November 15, the government has sanctioned projects worth over Rs 4,700 crore through nine ministries under the PM-JANMAN package.
• In order to reach out to every household, more than 7,000 camps were organised in PVTG habitations of all 188 districts, to
  • Facilitate their Aadhaar cards, Jan Dhan accounts, Ayushman Bharat cards, and
  • Enable registration for different schemes under the mission.
• Under the PM-JANMAN mission,
  • The government has already sanctioned the building of 1,207-km roads in PVTG habitations;
  • Approved schemes to connect all left out PVTG households to the PM Jal Jeevan Mission; and
  • Sanctioned 916 anganwadi centres, 816 of which are expected to be operational by the end of this month.

Q1) What is the Development Action Plan for the Scheduled Tribes (DAPST)?

Under Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) now known as DAPST, besides the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 41 Ministries/ Departments allocate funds every year for tribal development projects relating to education, health, agriculture, employment generation, skill development, etc.

Q2) What is the Pradhan Mantri Janajatiya Vikas Mission (PMJVM)?

The PMJVM scheme promotes livelihood opportunities and entrepreneurship to the tribal population by putting in place an efficient and transparent mechanism for production, procurement, processing and marketing of tribal produce / products.

Source: Govt to release first instalment of Rs 540 crore for pucca houses to 1 lakh vulnerable tribal beneficiaries