UPSC Prelims Current Affairs for 2 June 2026

by Vajiram & Ravi - 2 June 2026

Vajiram & Ravi provides Daily UPSC Prelims Current Affairs for 2 June 2026, tailored for aspirants. We cover all relevant news and events crucial for the exam, ensuring you stay updated & well-prepared.

Project UDAYAK

June 2, 2026
Project UDAYAK

Project UDAYAK Latest News

Recently, the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated the 37th Raising Day of Project UDAYAK.

About Project UDAYAK

  • It is an initiative of the Border Roads Organisation.
  • The Project was aptly named 'Udayak', meaning the Rising Sun as the first rays of the rising sun in the country fall in the AOR of the project.
  • History
    • It was raised on 01 Jun 1990 at Doomdooma, Assam as part of the restructuring undertaken to focus on the development on the far-eastern area of the country.
    • Its two task forces, 48 BRTF and 752 BRTF were carved out of Projects Vartak and Sewak respectively, to form the two executive arms of the Project.
  • Achievements of Project UDAYAK
    • It has been instrumental in the development and maintenance of strategic road infrastructure in the easternmost regions of Arunachal Pradesh and parts of Assam.
    • The Project plays a vital role in enhancing connectivity in remote and strategically significant areas along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and the Indo–Myanmar border.
    • The Project is currently undertaking construction of roads and border fencing infrastructure, along the Indo-Myanmar border, strengthening national security and improving accessibility in border regions.

Source: PIB

Project UDAYAK FAQs

Q1: What is the parent organisation of Project UDAYAK?

Ans: User agency is Border Roads Organisation (BRO) .

Q2: What is Project UDAYAK?

Ans: Project Udayak is a BRO project executing strategic roads/bridges in Arunachal Pradesh

MAHA Water Mission

June 2, 2026
MAHA Water Mission

MAHA Water Mission Latest News

Recently, the Union Minister of Science & Technology launched the MAHA Water Mission.

About MAHA Water Mission

  • It has been conceived as a national platform to accelerate innovation in the water sector by connecting science, entrepreneurship, industry, academia and grassroots action.
  • It aims to support innovations from laboratory research to field deployment while generating scalable and localised solutions for strengthening India’s long-term water security.
  • It will support technology development, field validation and deployment for addressing critical water challenges.
  • It will focus on five priority themes:
    • Water resource assessment and sustainable management;
    • Drinking water;
    • Water quality and ecological health;
    • Water use efficiency and circular economy;
    • Climate resilience and adaptation
  • Financial Assistance: A projected outlay of ₹200 crore over five years, jointly contributed by Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF ) and the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
  • The programme will support multidisciplinary consortia involving universities, national laboratories, research organisations, startups, MSMEs and industry partners.
    • Up to ₹20 crore support will be available for selected consortia to undertake technology development, field assessment, validation and deployment of high-impact solutions in the water sector.

Source: DD News

MAHA Water Mission FAQs

Q1: Which two bodies jointly run MAHA Water Mission?

Ans: ANRF and Ministry of Jal Shakti

Q2: What is the maximum funding available to selected consortia under MAHA Water Mission?

Ans: Up to ₹20 crore per multidisciplinary consortia

Mesalina bishnoi

June 2, 2026
Mesalina bishnoi

Mesalina bishnoi Latest News

A new species of lizard, Mesalina Bishnoi, has been recently discovered in Rajasthan.

About Mesalina bishnoi

  • It is a new species of lizard.
  • It has been discovered near Gajner in Bikaner district, Rajasthan.
  • The species was found in an arid landscape consisting of hard, rocky soil with sparse desert vegetation.  
  • It marks the first confirmed record of the genus Mesalina in India.
    • The genus Mesalina comprises small, fast-moving, diurnal lizards adapted to arid and semi-arid landscapes. 
    • Although a historical reference by British zoologist Malcolm A Smith in 1935 mentioned the presence of Mesalina watsonana in Jaisalmer, no specimen-based evidence existed to confirm the genus’s occurrence in India. 
  • Mesalina bishnoi is named in recognition of the Bishnoi community's enduring commitment to wildlife and nature conservation.
  • The lizard is a small-bodied species with a snout-vent length of 39.2 mm.
  • It displays a greyish to olive-brown colouration, marked by a pair of dorsolateral stripes extending from the neck towards the tail.
  • Distinctive black markings occur behind the eyes, while the body bears irregular dark blotches interspersed with white spots, giving it a mottled appearance.
  • The underside is pale grey to offwhite.
  • At present, Mesalina bishnoi is known only from its type locality in the Bikaner district and is considered endemic to the Thar biogeographic province.

Source: TOI

Mesalina bishnoi FAQs

Q1: What is Mesalina bishnoi?

Ans: Mesalina bishnoi is a newly discovered species of lizard.

Q2: Where was Mesalina bishnoi discovered?

Ans: It was discovered near Gajner in the Bikaner district of Rajasthan.

Q3: In what type of habitat was Mesalina bishnoi found?

Ans: It was found in an arid landscape with hard, rocky soil and sparse desert vegetation.

Q4: What is the general colouration of Mesalina bishnoi?

Ans: It has a greyish to olive-brown colouration.

Blue Micromoon

June 2, 2026
Blue Micromoon

Blue Micromoon Latest News

Skywatchers will be treated to a rare sight this month: a Blue Moon that is also a "micromoon.

What is a Blue Moon?

  • A blue moon is the second full moon in a calendar month. 
  • That is unusual because the period from one full moon to another is about 29 1/2 days.
  • So when two occur in the same month, the first of these full moons is always on the first or second day of the month. 
  • On average, a blue moon occurs once every 33 months or full moons, 41 times per century, or about seven times every 19 years. 
  • An even rarer event is when two blue moons happen in the same calendar year, which happens about four times per century. 
  • Sometimes, smoke or dust in the air can scatter red wavelengths of light, as a result of which the moon may, in certain places, appear more blue than usual. 
  • But this has nothing to do with the name “blue” moon, and the association of the colour with the term is unclear. 

What is a Micro Moon?

  • This refers to the apparent size of the moon as viewed from Earth. 
  • The moon is not always a constant distance away from the Earth. 
  • Its orbit around the Earth is elliptical.
  • The moon is about 363,711 km away at its closest to earth, known as perigee. At apogee, or the furthest point, the moon is about 403,945 km away. 
  • If a full moon happens to occur close to its closest point, then we call that a supermoon. And if it’s close to its furthest point, then we call that a micromoon.
  • A micromoon appears only about 14% smaller than a supermoon and about 6% smaller than a typical full moon. 

How Rare is a Blue Micromoon?

  • Blue moons occur every couple of years, and micromoons occur two or three times every year.  
  • A blue micromoon occurs about once every couple of decades. 
  • However, they aren’t regular, and two such events may occur closer together or further apart. 
  • No special equipment is needed to observe this blue micromoon, and it should be clearly visible in the absence of clouds.

Source: LS

Blue Micromoon FAQs

Q1: What is a Blue Moon?

Ans: A Blue Moon is the second full moon occurring in a calendar month.

Q2: Why is the occurrence of a Blue Moon considered unusual?

Ans: Because the interval between two full moons is about 29.5 days, making two full moons in the same month relatively rare.

Q3: Does a Blue Moon actually appear blue in color?

Ans: No, the term generally does not refer to the Moon's color.

Q4: What is a Micro Moon?

Ans: A Micro Moon is a full moon that occurs when the Moon is near its farthest point from Earth (apogee).

Q5: How often does a Blue Micromoon occur?

Ans: About once every couple of decades.

Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant

June 2, 2026
Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant

Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant Latest News

Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant, Tamil Nadu's only facility with reversible two-way turbines, is struggling to stay operational as it is beyond its design life, functioning at just 25% capacity.

About Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant

  • It is a 400 MW hydropower project located in the Kadamparai river basin in Tamil Nadu.
  • Commissioned in 1987, it was the state's first pumped storage unit and remains unique for its ability to operate in both generator and motor modes. 
  • When the grid needs power, water is released from the upper dam at Kadamparai to the Lower Aliyar Dam, driving the turbines to generate electricity.  
  • During the night, with wind and solar creating surplus power in the grid, the same turbines reverse into pump mode and act as motors and push water back from the lower dam to the upper dam, effectively storing energy for the next demand cycle. 
  • The Kadamparai Dam has a storage capacity of 1,080 mcft, while the Lower Aliyar Dam holds 937 mcft. 
  • Using a minimum of 4 mcft from the upper dam, each unit can produce 100 MW (1 lakh units) per hour. 
  • With four units, the plant's installed capacity is 400 MW per hour.

Source: NIE

Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant FAQs

Q1: Where is the Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant located?

Ans: It is located in the Kadamparai river basin in Tamil Nadu.

Q2: When was the Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant commissioned?

Ans: It was commissioned in 1987.

Q3: How does the Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant generate electricity during periods of high power demand?

Ans: Water is released from the upper Kadamparai Dam to the Lower Aliyar Dam, driving turbines to generate electricity.

Q4: What is the total power generation capacity of Kadamparai Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant?

Ans: 400 MW.

Myanmar

June 2, 2026
Myanmar

Myanmar Latest News

Recently, Prime Minister of India and visiting Myanmar President held detailed talks on the entire gamut of bilateral issues.

About Myanmar

  • It is the northernmost country of Southeast Asia.
  • Bordering Countries: It is bordered by India in the west, Bangladesh in the northwest; China in the north and northeast; by Laos in the east and by Thailand in the southeast. 
  • Maritime Borders: It is bounded by the Andaman Sea in the south and by the Bay of Bengal in the southwest. 
  • Capital City: Naypyidaw

Geographical Features of Myanmar

  • Climate: It has a Tropical monsoon.
  • Mountain ranges: It consists of Bago Yoma, Rakhine Yoma, and Shan Hills.
  • Highest Point: Hkakabo Razi.
  • Major Rivers: It is drained by Mekong, Irrawaddy, Salween and Chindwin.
  • Natural resources: It mainly consists of Petroleum, timber, tin, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, natural gas, hydropower etc.

Source: News on Air

Myanmar FAQs

Q1: Which Indian states border Myanmar?

Ans: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram

Q2: What is the capital of Myanmar?

Ans: Naypyidaw

Kshipra River

June 2, 2026
Kshipra River

Kshipra River Latest News

The Kshipra riverine system in Madhya Pradesh is facing a major crisis marked by the drying up of its tributaries that fail to maintain a perennial flow. 

About Kshipra River

  • The Kshipra, also known as the Shipra, is a river that flows in the state of Madhya Pradesh. 
  • It is a tributary of the Chambal River. 
  • It is a perennial river and is considered as sacred as the Ganga River by the Hindus. 
  • Course:
    • Origin: It originates from the Vindhya Range near Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh. 
    • It flows across the Malwa Plateau to join the Chambal River.
    • The river is 195 kilometers long, with a significant portion passing through Ujjain.
  • Major Tributaries: Khan and Gambhir.
  • Religious Significance:
    • The Puranas, or ancient Hindu texts, put forward that the Shipra originated from the heart of Varaha, Lord Vishnu’s incarnation as a boar.
    • Also on the banks of the Shipra is Sage Sandipani’s ashram or hermitage, where Krishna, Lord Vishnu’s eighth incarnation, had studied.
    • It finds mention not only in ancient Hindu texts but also in Buddhist and Jain scriptures.
    • The holy city of Ujjain is located on the right bank of the Shipra River. 
    • The famous Kumbha Mela takes place in the ghats of this city, once every 12 years.
    • There are hundreds of Hindu shrines along the banks of the Shipra River.

Source: ETVB

Kshipra River FAQs

Q1: Which major river is the Kshipra River a tributary of?

Ans: The Kshipra River is a tributary of the Chambal River.

Q2: In which Indian state does the Kshipra River flow?

Ans: Madhya Pradesh.

Q3: Where does the Kshipra River originate?

Ans: It originates from the Vindhya Range near Ujjain.

Q4: Which plateau does the Kshipra River flow across?

Ans: The Malwa Plateau.

Q5: What is the total length of the Kshipra River?

Ans: Approximately 195 kilometers.

Majuli Island

June 2, 2026
Majuli Island

Majuli Island  Latest News

A new study has reconstructed nearly 4,000 years of climate and vegetation history of Majuli Island in Assam.

About Majuli Island

  • Location: It is located in the Brahmaputra river system, in Assam.
  • It is the world’s largest river island located in Assam.
  • Formation: It is formed by the Brahmaputra River in the south and the Kherkutia Xuti, a  branch of the Brahmaputra, joined by the Subansiri River in the north.
  • Crops cultivated: Rice cultivation is the primary livelihood for the residents of Majuli, with several unique varieties of rice, such as Komal Saul and Bao Dhan, grown in the region.
  • Tribes: Most of the islanders belong to three tribes-Mishing, Deori, and Sonowal Kachari, with the non-tribal Assamese comprising the rest.
  • Culture: The island has also been the hub of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture, initiated around the 16th century by the great Assamese saint-reformer Srimanta Sankerdeva and his disciple Madhavdeva. 
    • They initiated the tradition of Satras (monastic institutions), and these Satras have preserved Sattriya dance, literature, bhaona (theatre), dance forms, mask making, and boat-making. 
  • Apart from Satras or Vaishnavite monasteries, Majuli is famous for mask-making and has a tradition of pottery making.

Source: DD News

Majuli Island FAQs

Q1: What is Majuli?

Ans: Majuli is a river island in Brahmaputra, declared district in 2016

Q2: What is Majuli famous for culturally?

Ans: Centre of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture

AUKUS

June 2, 2026
AUKUS

AUKUS Latest News

Recently, the Aukus alliance members said that they will develop advanced underwater drone systems and further deepen their maritime relationship.

About AUKUS

  • It is a trilateral security partnership between the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Australia agreed in 2021.
  • It aims to boost defense capabilities, accelerate technological integration, and expand the industrial capacity of all three nations as a part of a collective effort to stabilize the Indo-Pacific region
  • AUKUS is intended to strengthen the ability of each government to support security and defense interests, building on longstanding and ongoing bilateral ties.
  • It consists of two key pillars
    • Pillar 1: It focuses on supporting Australia to acquire its first conventionally armed, nuclear-powered submarine fleet. It does not involve the transfer of nuclear weapons to Australia.
    • Pillar 2: It focuses on cooperation in eight advanced military capability areas: artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technologies, innovation, information sharing, and cyber, undersea, hypersonic, counter-hypersonic, and electronic warfare domains.

Source: ET

AUKUS FAQs

Q1: What is AUKUS?

Ans: A is a trilateral security partnership between the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Australia.

Q2: What does AUKUS Pillar II focus on?

Ans: On tech & info sharing across 8 advanced capability areas.

Enquire Now