What are Neural Processing Units (NPU)?

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About Neural Processing Units (NPU)

An NPU, or a Neural Processing Unit, is a dedicated processor designed specifically for accelerating neural network processes.
- A neural network is essentially a type of machine learning algorithm that mimics the human brain for processing data.
Therefore, the NPU is highly capable for handling machine learning operations that form the basis for AI-related tasks, such as speech recognition, natural language processing, photo or video editing processes like object detection, and more.
In most consumer-facing gadgets, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets, the NPU is integrated within the main processor, adopting a System-on-Chip (SoC) configuration.
However, for data centres, the NPU might be an entirely discrete processor, separate from any other processing unit such as the central processing unit (CPU)or the Graphics processing unit (GPU).
How is NPU different from CPU and GPU?
- CPUs employ a sequential computing method, issuing one instruction at a time, with subsequent instructions awaiting the completion of their predecessors.
- In contrast, the NPU harnesses parallel computing to simultaneously execute numerous calculations. This parallel computing approach results in swifter and more efficient processing.

Q1: What are Semiconductors?

These are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. They are the foundation of modern electronics and power a vast array of technologies such as computers, smartphones, solar panels, and medical devices.

Source: NPU: What is it and why is it gaining importance in semiconductor industry