Minimum Support Price (MSP) Crops List

The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a market intervention scheme where the government sets a predetermined price for 22 crops.

Minimum Support Price (MSP)

The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a market intervention scheme where the government sets a predetermined price for 22 crops. If market prices drop below the MSP, the government steps in to purchase the crops. This ensures that farmers receive a guaranteed price, protecting them from market fluctuations and ensuring financial stability. Keep reading the article to know the details of MSP, the List of Crops Covered Under MSP and many more.

Minimum Support Price (MSP)

The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is the minimum price set by the government to ensure farmers receive fair value for their crops, even when market prices fall. This concept was introduced in 1966-67 during the Green Revolution as part of agricultural reforms, MSP serves as a safety measure taken by the union government to protect farmers from financial losses and maintain food security.

The Indian government announces MSP twice a year, before the Kharif (monsoon) and Rabi (winter) sowing seasons. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the MSP, which is then approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA). This system encourages farmers to grow essential crops while ensuring financial stability.

List of Crops Covered Under MSP

The government sets the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for 22 crops to provide financial support to farmers. This includes 14 Kharif crops, 6 Rabi crops, and 2 commercial crops. MSP is also determined for Toria and de-husked coconut, based on the MSPs of rapeseed & mustard and copra. The MSP is revised annually by the government, considering the existing economic and agricultural conditions to ensure fair price for the crop to the farmers.

Kharif Crops

  1. Paddy
  2. Jowar
  3. Bajra
  4. Ragi
  5. Maize
  6. Tur (Arhar)
  7. Moong
  8. Urad
  9. Groundnut
  10. Sunflower Seed
  11. Soyabean (Yellow)
  12. Sesamum
  13. Nigerseed
  14. Cotton

Rabi Crops

  1. Wheat
  2. Barley
  3. Gram
  4. Masur (Lentil)
  5. Rapeseed & Mustard
  6. Safflower

Commercial Crops

  1. Copra
  2. Jute

Steps to Determine Minimum Support Price

The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the Minimum Support Price (MSP) based on various factors, ensuring fair prices for crops to farmers. Before announcing the MSP, the government considers:

  1. Cost of Production: The primary factor includes expenses on seeds, fertilizers, irrigation, and labour. Farmers are assured a minimum margin of 50% over the production cost.
  2. Demand and Supply: The government analyzes market trends and consumer demand to determine appropriate pricing.
  3. Market Price Trends: Domestic and international price comparisons ensure that the MSP remains competitive.
  4. Inter-Crop Price Parity: A balanced pricing structure across different crops encourages diversified farming.
  5. Terms of Trade: The government assesses the relationship between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors to maintain fair trade conditions.

Other Considerations

  1. Changes in Input Prices
  2. Input-Output Price Parity
  3. Industrial Cost Structure
  4. Cost of Living
  5. Impact on Subsidies
  6. Farmer’s Income Parity

The government uses the A2+FL formula to calculate MSP, which includes:

  • A2: Actual paid-out costs incurred by the farmer.
  • FL: The imputed value of family labour.

Minimum Support Price Needs

The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a minimum price set by the government of India for Indian agriculture, offering stability, security, and motivation for farmers to sustain crop production. The below mentioned are the needs for the Minimum Support Price:

  1. It guarantees a minimum income for farmers, protecting them from financial losses.
  2. By providing assured prices, it motivates farmers to grow more staple crops, contributing to food security.
  3. MSP acts as a buffer against price fluctuations, especially during harvest season.
  4. A strong agricultural sector, backed by MSP, uplifts rural livelihoods and strengthens the economy.
  5. Farmers are protected from being forced to sell their produce at unfair prices by traders.

Latest Minimum Support Price 2025-26

According to the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, according to the latest Minimum Support Price (MSP) applicable for the 2025-26 is as follows (as of 22 January 2025):

Latest Minimum Support Price 2025-26

Commodity

Variety

2023-24

2024-25

Increase in MSP (2024-25 over 2023-24)

Kharif Crops

Paddy

Common

2183

2300

117 (5.4%)

 

Grade ‘A’

2203

2320

117 (5.3%)

Jowar

Hybrid

3180

3371

191 (6.0%)

 

Maldandi

3225

3421

196 (6.1%)

Bajra

 

2500

2625

125 (5.0%)

Ragi

 

3846

4290

444 (11.5%)

Maize

 

2090

2225

135 (6.5%)

Tur (Arhar)

 

7000

7550

550 (7.9%)

Moong

 

8558

8682

124 (1.4%)

Urad

 

6950

7400

450 (6.5%)

Groundnut

 

6377

6783

406 (6.4%)

Sunflower Seed

 

6760

7280

520 (7.7%)

Soyabeen (Yellow)

 

4600

4892

292 (6.3%)

Sesamum

 

8635

9267

632 (7.3%)

Nigerseed

 

7734

8717

983 (12.7%)

Cotton

Medium Staple

6620

7121

501 (7.6%)

 

Long Staple

7020

7521

501 (7.1%)

Rabi Crops

Wheat

 

2275

2425

150 (6.6%)

Barley

 

1850

1980

130 (7.0%)

Gram

 

5440

5650

210 (3.9%)

Masur (Lentil)

 

6425

6700

275 (4.3%)

Rapeseed & Mustard

 

5650

5950

300 (5.3%)

Safflower

 

5800

5940

140 (2.4%)

Toria

 

5650

5950

300 (5.3%)

Commercial Crops

Copra 

Milling

10860

11160

300 (2.8%)

 

Ball

11750

12000

250 (2.1%)

De-Husked Coconut

 

2930

3013

83 (2.8%)

Jute

 

5050

5335

285 (5.6%)

Latest UPSC Exam 2025 Updates

Last updated on July, 2025

UPSC Notification 2025 was released on 22nd January 2025.

UPSC Prelims Result 2025 is out now for the CSE held on 25 May 2025.

UPSC Prelims Question Paper 2025 and Unofficial Prelims Answer Key 2025  are available now.

UPSC Calendar 2026 is released on 15th May, 2025.

→ The UPSC Vacancy 2025 were released 1129, out of which 979 were for UPSC CSE and remaining 150 are for UPSC IFoS.

UPSC Mains 2025 will be conducted on 22nd August 2025.

UPSC Prelims 2026 will be conducted on 24th May, 2026 & UPSC Mains 2026 will be conducted on 21st August 2026.

→ The UPSC Selection Process is of 3 stages-Prelims, Mains and Interview.

UPSC Result 2024 is released with latest UPSC Marksheet 2024. Check Now!

UPSC Toppers List 2024 is released now. Shakti Dubey is UPSC AIR 1 2024 Topper.

→ Also check Best IAS Coaching in Delhi

Minimum Support Price FAQs

Q1. What is meant by minimum support price?+

Q2. What is the minimum price class 9?+

Q3. What is state minimum support price?+

Q4. Who introduced MSP in India?+

Q5. What is the purpose of MSP?+

Tags: Minimum Support Price (MSP)

Vajiram Editor
Vajiram Editor
At Vajiram & Ravi, our team includes subject experts who have appeared for the UPSC Mains and the Interview stage. With their deep understanding of the exam, they create content that is clear, to the point, reliable, and helpful for aspirants.Their aim is to make even difficult topics easy to understand and directly useful for your UPSC preparation—whether it’s for Current Affairs, General Studies, or Optional subjects. Every note, article, or test is designed to save your time and boost your performance.
UPSC GS Course 2026
UPSC GS Course 2026
₹1,75,000
Enroll Now
GS Foundation Course 2 Yrs
GS Foundation Course 2 Yrs
₹2,45,000
Enroll Now
Prelims PowerupTest Series
Prelims PowerupTest Series
₹13000
Enroll Now
UPSC Mains Test Series
UPSC Mains Test Series
₹16000
Enroll Now
UPSC Mentorship Program
UPSC Mentorship Program
₹85000
Enroll Now
Enquire Now