India’s AI Revolution: Advancing Innovation with AI Kosha & GPU Expansion

What’s in Today’s Article?

• India’s AI Revolution Latest News
• Introduction
• AI Compute and GPU Expansion
• AI Kosha: A Data Platform for AI Development
• Indigenous AI Models and Language Technologies
• India’s AI Talent & Workforce Development
• AI’s Role in Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)
• Conclusion
• India AI Revolution FAQs

India’s AI Revolution Latest News

• The Union government recently launched AI Kosha, a platform with datasets which will assist with developing Artificial Intelligence models and tools.

Introduction

• India is rapidly transforming into a global AI powerhouse under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• The government’s strategic initiatives, including the IndiaAI Mission and the launch of AI Kosha, aim to democratize access to AI resources.
• The emphasis is on scaling computing infrastructure, enhancing data availability, and supporting indigenous AI model development.
• With ₹10,370 crore allocated to the IndiaAI Mission, the government is making AI computing accessible to startups, students, and researchers through a high-performance GPU infrastructure and an extensive dataset repository.
• These initiatives mark a crucial step towards achieving India’s vision of Viksit Bharat 2047, where AI plays a central role in economic growth and governance.

AI Compute and GPU Expansion

• One of the key challenges for AI development is the availability of high-performance computing power.
• Addressing this, the Indian government has made a massive investment in GPU capacity:
  • 14,000 GPUs commissioned for shared access, up from 10,000 announced earlier in 2024.
  • A pooled GPU marketplace to provide affordable access to AI computing for startups, researchers, and academic institutions.
  • GPUs supplied by 10 selected companies, ensuring a robust and diversified AI compute ecosystem.
  • Plans to develop indigenous GPUs within 3-5 years, reducing dependency on imports and strengthening India’s self-reliance in AI technology.
  • A high-performance computing facility that allows access to GPUs at a subsidized rate of ₹100 per hour, compared to global costs of $2.5-$3 per hour.
• This infrastructure expansion is critical for training and deploying large AI models, particularly in Indian languages and contexts, enabling self-sufficiency in AI research and innovation.

AI Kosha: A Data Platform for AI Development

• A major bottleneck in AI model development is the availability of high-quality datasets.
• To tackle this, the AI Kosha platform was launched on March 6, 2025, as a repository of non-personal datasets.
• Key Features of AI Kosha:
  • 316 datasets at launch, focusing on AI model validation and language translation tools for Indian languages.
  • Data sourced from government initiatives, including Telangana’s open data platform, health records, 2011 Census data, satellite imagery, and pollution data.
  • Part of the IndiaAI Dataset Platform, which is one of the seven pillars of the IndiaAI Mission.
  • Aimed at reducing biases and improving AI model accuracy across various domains such as healthcare, agriculture, and traffic management.
• By aggregating government and publicly available data, AI Kosha aims to catalyse innovation and empower startups to develop AI solutions with locally sourced, high-quality datasets.

Indigenous AI Models and Language Technologies

• India is making significant strides in building its own foundational AI models, ensuring that AI solutions are tailored to Indian languages and socio-economic needs. Key initiatives include:
  • Sarvam-1 AI Model – A Large Language Model (LLM) optimized for Indian languages, with 2 billion parameters, supporting text summarization, translation, and content generation.
  • BharatGen – The world’s first government-funded multimodal LLM, designed to enhance public service delivery and citizen engagement through AI-driven solutions.
  • Digital India BHASHINI – A language translation AI system that ensures voice-based access to digital services in multiple Indian languages.
  • Hanooman’s Everest 1.0 – A multilingual AI system supporting 35 Indian languages, with plans to expand to 90 languages.
  • Chitralekha – An open-source video transcreation platform, developed by AI4Bharat, enabling automatic audio transcription and translation in Indic languages.
• These homegrown AI models will reduce dependency on foreign AI technology while ensuring widespread accessibility for Indian users.

India’s AI Talent & Workforce Development

• The success of India’s AI revolution hinges on developing a skilled AI workforce. The government is investing in AI education through:
  • IndiaAI Future Skills Initiative – Integrating AI, 5G, and semiconductor design into university curricula under NEP 2020.
  • AI Labs in Tier-2 & Tier-3 cities – Expanding access to AI education beyond metro cities.
  • Fellowships for AI PhD scholars – Supporting full-time AI researchers in the top 50 NIRF-ranked institutes.
  • India ranks #1 in AI skill penetration globally, ahead of the US and Germany (Stanford AI Index 2024).
• With AI adoption rapidly growing, India’s AI industry is projected to reach $28.8 billion by 2025, generating over 1 million AI-related jobs.

AI’s Role in Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

• India’s Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), including Aadhaar, UPI, and DigiLocker, is being enhanced with AI to improve governance and service delivery.
  • One notable application was Mahakumbh 2025, where AI-driven DPI solutions:
• Optimized real-time crowd management using AI-powered railway movement tracking.
• Deployed Bhashini-powered multilingual chatbots for lost-and-found services.
• Integrated AI solutions with Indian Railways & UP Police, ensuring seamless communication and swift issue resolution.
• By leveraging AI with DPI, India is setting a global benchmark for AI-driven governance and event management.

Conclusion

• India’s AI revolution, backed by government-led initiatives such as AI Kosha, expanded GPU infrastructure, and indigenous AI models, is paving the way for technological self-reliance.
• The country is rapidly building an AI ecosystem that is inclusive, innovation-driven, and globally competitive.
• With a clear vision and robust policies, India is well-positioned to emerge as a global leader in AI innovation, shaping the future of AI for both national development and global applications.

India AI Revolution FAQs

Q1. What is AI Kosha, and why is it significant?

Ans. AI Kosha is India’s first government-backed AI dataset platform, providing non-personal data to help develop AI models.

Q2. How is the Indian government expanding AI computing infrastructure?

Ans. The government has commissioned 14,000 GPUs for shared access and plans to develop indigenous GPUs within 3-5 years.

Q3. What are India’s key homegrown AI models?

Ans. Key models include Sarvam-1, BharatGen, Digital India BHASHINI, and Hanooman’s Everest 1.0, supporting multiple Indian languages.

Q4. How is AI being integrated into India’s governance and public services?

Ans. AI is enhancing Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), enabling efficient governance, crowd management, and multilingual public service chatbots.

Q5. What are India’s efforts in AI education and skill development?

Ans. India is integrating AI into university curricula, expanding AI research fellowships, and establishing AI labs in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.

Source: TH | PIB