Offshore Areas Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2023

About Offshore Areas Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2023:

 

• The Bill amends the Offshore Areas Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 2002.
• The new bill regulates mining in maritime zones of India. 
• Highlights of the Bill:
  • It allows the government to reserve offshore areas that are not held under any operating rights. 
  • The Bill also allows the administering authority to grant a composite licence or production lease to the government or a government company.
  • It proposes to remove the provision for renewal of production lease and provide a fixed period of fifty years for production lease similar to the provisions of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act 1957.
  • It also seeks to provide for the grant of production lease to the private sector only through auction by competitive bidding.
  • It also provides for grant of operating rights without competitive bidding to a government or a government company, or a corporation in the mineral-bearing areas reserved by the central government.
  • In the case of atomic minerals, the grant of exploration licence or production lease shall be made only to a government or a government or corporation.
  • It aims to introduce a four-year timeline for commencement of production and dispatch after the execution of composite licence or production lease under and timeline of two years (extendable by one year) for re-commencement of production and dispatch after discontinuation.
  • It will enable the central government to frame rules for the conservation and systematic development of minerals in offshore areas and for the protection of the environment by preventing or controlling any pollution which may be caused by exploration or production operations.

 

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Q1) What is a Mineral?

A mineral is a naturally occurring homogeneous solid with a definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic arrangement. It is usually formed by inorganic processes. There are several thousand known mineral species, about 100 of which constitute the major mineral components of rocks; these are the so-called rock-forming minerals. Examples of minerals include quartz, feldspar minerals, calcite, sulfur and the clay minerals such as kaolinite and smectite.

Source: Lok Sabha passes Bill to provide fixed 50-year production lease for offshore minerals