Pradhan Mantri-Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PM-PVTG) Development Mission

Who are Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)?

• PVTGs are a more vulnerable group among tribal groups in India.
• These groups have primitive traits, geographical isolation, low literacy, zero to negative population growth rate and backwardness.
• Moreover, they are largely dependent on hunting for food and a pre-agriculture level of technology.
• In 1973, the Dhebar Commission set up a separate category for Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs). In 1975, the Centre identified 52 tribal groups as PTGs. In 1993, 23 more groups were added to the list. Later, in 2006, these groups were named PVTGs.
• Currently, there are 2.8 million PVTGs belonging to 75 tribes across 22,544 villages in 220 districts across 18 states and Union Territories in India.
• According to the 2011 Census, Odisha has the largest population of PVTGs at 866,000. It is followed by Madhya Pradesh at 609,000 and Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana) at 539,000.
• The largest PVTG is Odisha's Saura community, numbering 535,000.

About PM-PVTG Development Mission

• The Rs 24,000-crore project is aimed at the development of the PVTGs. 
• It has been designed to bring critical infrastructure like power, water, road connectivity, housing, education, and healthcare to the PVTG communities living in remote villages.
• Under the scheme, about 11 interventions like the PM-Gram Sadak Yojana, PM-Gram Awaas Yojana, Jal Jeevan Mission, and others will be taken to these target villages through the coordinated work of nine ministries.
• In addition, saturation will be ensured for schemes such as the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojna, Sickle Cell Disease Elimination, TB Elimination, 100 percent immunisation, PM Surakshit Matritva Yojana, PM Matru Vandana Yojana, PM Poshan, and PM Jan Dhan Yojana.

Q1) Who was Birsa Munda?

He was a folk hero and a tribal freedom fighter hailing from the Munda tribe. He spearheaded an Indian tribal mass movement that arose in the Bihar and Jharkhand belts in the early 19th century under British colonization. Munda rallied the tribals to fight against the forceful land grabbing carried out by the British government, which would turn the tribals into bonded laborers and force them to abject poverty.

Source: PM Modi to launch PM-PVTG Mission, Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra on Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas