What is Eucalyptus?

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About Eucalyptus:

It is a large genus of more than 660 species of shrubs and tall trees of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae).
Some of the tallest trees in the world are eucalypti.
It is native to Australia, Tasmania, and nearby islands.
In Australia, the eucalypti are commonly known as gum trees or stringybark trees.
Many species are cultivated widely in many areas of the world as shade trees or in forestry plantations.
Features:
- It has a gum-infused bark, long stems, and circular leaves that are hard to digest if eaten whole.
- Small flowers grow on eucalyptus trees. They come in many colors, including white, yellow, and shades of red.
- Eucalypti also have small woody capsules. Inside the capsules are seeds.
Uses:
- It is widely used for its medicinal properties.
Some eucalyptus leaves contain an oil that has a strong smell.
It is useful to treat a variety of common diseases and also works amazingly when applied topically in diluted form.
The main compound of eucalyptus oil is cineole, also known as eucalyptol. The oil also contains flavonoids and tannins, which acts as anti-inflammatory and antioxidants.
It is known for its ability to relieve congestion and ease breathing in colds.
It is also used as a pain reliever for sore and overextended muscles.
It is an excellent topical remedy for aching joints and rheumatism. It helps improve blood circulation.
- Eucalyptus wood is tough and durable. It is used to build things such as furniture and fences.
Eucalyptus Plantations in India:
- Eucalyptus tereticornis and Eucalyptus hybrid are the two most widely planted eucalypts in India.
- It is widely grown in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Gujrat, Haryana, Mysore, Kerala, and in the Nilgiri Hill.
- It grows well in deep, fertile, well-drained loamy soil with adequate moisture.

Q1: What are flavonoids?

Flavonoids are phytochemical compounds present in many plants, fruits, vegetables, and leaves, with potential applications in medicinal chemistry. Flavonoids possess a number of medicinal benefits, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. They also have neuroprotective and cardio-protective effects.

Source: The controversy over eucalyptus planting in Kerala | Explained