What is NVS-01?

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The GSLV-F12/NVS-01 mission is designed to deploy the NVS-01 navigation satellite into a geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO).

About NVS-01:

It is the first in the series of second-generation navigation satellites built by ISRO’s UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru.
At present, India uses its Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) series of satellites for civilian and defence navigation in the Indian mainland and even 1500 kms beyond India’s borders.
NVS series of satellites will sustain and augment the NavIC with enhanced features.
This series incorporates L1 band signals additionally to widen the services.
For the first time, an indigenous atomic clock will be flown in NVS-01.

It is a regional navigation satellite system established by the ISRO to meet the positioning, navigation and timing requirements of the nation.
NavIC was erstwhile known as Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).
It is a constellation of seven satellites that work with a 24X7 network of ground stations while orbiting above Earth.
Three satellites are placed in geostationary orbit and four in inclined geosynchronous orbit.
Coverage: The NavIC coverage area includes India and a region up to 1,500km beyond the nation’s boundary.
Services offered:
- It offers two services — Standard Position Service for civilian users and Restricted Service for strategic users.
- The system is used in terrestrial, aerial, marine transportation, location-based services, personal mobility, resource monitoring, surveying and geodesy, scientific research etc.

What is Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)?

To attain geosynchronous (and also geostationary) Earth orbits, a spacecraft is first launched into an elliptical GTO.
There on, the satellite will independently use its onboard propulsion systems to perform orbit-raising manoeuvres and reach its intended orbit.

Q1) What is Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)?

To attain geosynchronous (and also geostationary) Earth orbits, a spacecraft is first launched into an elliptical GTO. There on, the satellite will independently use its onboard propulsion systems to perform orbit-raising manoeuvres and reach its intended orbit.

Source: ISRO To Launch NVS-01 Navigation Satellite On May 29