Horn of Africa

About Horn of Africa:

• It is the easternmost extension of African land.
• It comprises the countries of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia.
• Part of the Horn of Africa region is also known as the Somali peninsula.
• It contains such diverse areas as the highlands of the Ethiopian Plateau, the Ogaden desert, and the Eritrean and Somalian coasts and is home to the Amhara, Tigray, Oromo, and Somali peoples, among others.
• Costal line: Its coasts are washed by the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Indian Ocean, and it has long been in contact with the Arabian Peninsula and southwestern Asia. 
• The Horn of Africa is separated from the Arabian Peninsula by the Bab el-Mandeb Strait (the strait connecting the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden).
• The region faces severe food insecurity, worsened by the climate crisis and conflict, and malnutrition and cholera are key challenges.

Q1: What is a Gulf?

The Gulf is a portion of the sea that is almost surrounded by land except one narrow opening. Gulfs are formed when a giant rock collapses or when a piece of land sinks. This causes a big indentation in the area, and the water eventually fills it up. Gulfs are also formed through a natural process of erosion.

News: Over 65 Million People Food Insecure In Horn Of Africa: UN And IGAD Report